앗시리아 교회의 다양한 명칭과 집단 경계에 관한 소고
A Study on Various Names of the Assyrian Church and Its Group Boundary
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앗시리아인을 지칭하는 집단 이름은 다양하다. 집단명이 다양하다는 사실 자체가 이 집단의 역사와 정체성이 복잡하다는 것을암시한다. 근대 이후 이들의 집단 정체성 담론은 ‘앗시리아’라는단어와 ‘앗시리아인’의 범주, 곧 집단 경계가 중심을 이룬다. 본연구에서는 교회사에서 흔히 네스토리안으로 알려진 이들을 지칭하는 다양한 명칭을 역사적으로 살피고, 이들이 현재 집단 경계를어떻게 규정하는지 살핀다. 이들은 로마와의 지리적, 정치적 차이를 강조한 ‘페르시아교회’로 시작해 신학적 차이, 또는 단순히 공의회를 따르지 않았다는이유로 타집단에 의해 ‘네스토리안’으로 명명되었다가, 민족주의가시대의 언어가 되자 ‘앗시리아’라는 민족이름을 교회 명칭에 채택했다. 집단에 대한 정체성 담론의 주제가 변화하면서 그에 대응하여이름도 변화한 것을 알 수 있다. 현재는 앗시리아라는 민족 이름을교회 이름에 한 종파만 사용하게 됨으로써 본인들에게는 민족을, 타집단에게는 종파를 의미하는 것으로 조금씩 변화하고 있는 것으로 보인다.
Abstract
Assyrians have various appellations to designate the group. That a group has more than a name hints at the complexity of its history and identity. Modern discourse of Assyrian collective identity is focused around the very term ‘Assyria’ and ‘Assyrian’, or the group boundary. This articles examines the various names of the group, which is generally known as Nestorian in Church history, in history and see how contemporary Assyrians define their group boundary. The research shows that the group began as the Persian Church emphasizing geographical distance and political difference from Roman Empire, named as Nestorian by the others due to its theological difference, or simply because it did not follow the Council’s decision, and when nationalism became the language of the age in modern times, it adopted an ethnic/national name of Assyia in the official church name. We can see that in accordance with the change in focal point in collective identity discourse, the group’s name also has been changed. Today, as the ethnic/national name of Assyria was adopted in the church name by the Church of the East alone, it seems the term is slowly experiencing a change of meaning to connote an ethnicity/nationality for the members of the Assyrian Church of the East and a sect for the others.
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