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미국의 유권자 동원 운동의 효과와 한계: 2012 대선 사례 연구

The Effects and Limits of Voter Mobilization: 2012 US Presidential Election

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2012년 미국 대선 선거운동 기간에 진행되었던 유권자 동원운동을 분석한 결과, 유권자 등록운동과 투표하기 운동의 경우에는 백인에 비해 소수인종에 대한 동원 확률이 높았으나, 소득수준에 따른 동원의 차이는 유미미하지 않았다. 젊은 연령층은 유권자 등록운동이나 투표하기 운동뿐만 아니라, 정당 차원에서 진행되는 유권자 동원에서 낮은 관심을 받고 있으며, 공화당과 민주당은 전통적인 지지기반을 대상으로 동원운동을 진행하고 있음을 알 수 있었다. 오직, 가족, 친지, 이웃 등 유권자와 관련이 있는 개인의 동원은 연령이 낮을수록 그 동원 확률이 증가함을 알 수 있었다. 민주 공화 양당의 동원 노력은 인구통계학적 변수들을 통제한 이후에도 정당투표에 유의미한 변수였음을 알 수 있었다.

Abstract

To maximize votes and to improve voting turnout rates, the political parties and civil society devoted in voter mobilization in the US elections. To use the 2012 US ANES data, I found that there were GOTV movements to encourage racial minorities’ voter registration and voting. However, there was no statistically significant movement to improve economic minorities’ registration and voting. At the party level, both parties devoted to mobilize traditional supports to vote. There was no special efforts to improve youth vote at the party level. The party mobilization was statistically significant to influence voter’s voting decision even after controlling important demographic variables.

참고문헌 (34)

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