에너지전환에 따른 송전망개발계획에 관한 법적 고찰 - 독일 에너지산업법상 연방수요계획을 중심으로 -

Abstract

The sustainable energy transition, the Energiewende is not only in german but also in korean environmental policy highly discussed topic. In order to achieve the climate protection goal, German Goverment aims to reduce national greenhouse gas emissions by 40% by 2020 and by 2050 by 80-95% compared to 1990. To achieve these goals, the german federal government intends to generate electricity entirely from renewable energies in the long term. The Federal Government's Energy Concept of October 2010 illustrates this by setting the following goals for the electricity sector: The new government has raised its renewables target for 2030. 50% of electricity generation from renewable energy sources is planned for the year 2030 and 80% by the year 2050. Especially after the nuclear disaster in Fukushima in Japan and the ensuing nuclear moratorium, the Federal Government decided on a new sustainable energy concept. Energy conversion from fossil fuelled and nuclear power will only succeed if the infrastructure support a very different kind of energy system. It can't meet the renewable target without major new cross-country power connection. The latest innovations since 2011 have created a completely new planning system for the transmission network in Germany as part of the energy transition. Its central elements are the network development plan and demand planning (§§12aff. EnWG), which were supplemented for offshore wind farms in the area of ​​the exclusive economic zone and their connection lines (§§17aff.EnWG), as well as a special planning approval process for trans-national or transboundary extra-high voltage power lines and for connecting lines of offshore wind farms under the new NABEG. Inspired by proposals from the German Council of Economic Experts on the Environment, this new planning law is characterized by its abandonment of the attempt to speed up procedures by shortening participation rights. The legislator harmonize the required acceleration of planning system with the indispensable acceptance by ensuring transparency and participation at all stages of the complex planning process. At the same time, this development process is characterized by stronger state responsibility for grid expansion. In this sense, the German government is trying to improve its ability to control by restructuring or creating strong central government institutions(. A prominent position within the interests, which must be considered in the planning of grid expansion, takes the environmental protection. Renewable energy and energy efficiency are not just energy law but environmental planning law. The benefits of an SEA in the energy sector can be seen in the content improvement of grid expansion planning through early consideration of environmental concerns, the ability to pursue appropriate measures to mitigate environmental impacts, speed up the planning process, improve the acceptance of planning outcomes, and achieve sustainability of the energy law. The study deals in detail with the implementation of national grid expansion planning processes in Germany. In this context, the German approaches and methods should be adapted to the Korean planning system and transferred to the Korean planning practice.