정서접근적 대처 척도의 타당화 예비연구: 사관학교 생도 표본에서
Preliminary Validation of Emotional Approach Coping (EAC) scale: A Case Study of Korean Military Academy cadets
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초록
본 연구의 목적은 Stanton과 동료 연구자들(2000b)에 의해 개발된 정서접근적 대처 척도를 타당화하는 것이다. 398명의 사관생도들을 대상으로 설문을 실시하고 탐색적 요인분석을 실시한 결과, 정서 처리 4문항, 정서 표현 4문항의 2개 요인이 확인되었으며, 이들의 총 설명변량은 60.28%였다. 사관생도 627명을 대상으로 확인적 요인분석을 실시한 결과, χ2(15)=35.81, CFI=.99, TLI=.99, RMSEA=.05, SRMR=.01로 2요인 모형이 적합함을 확인하였다. 신뢰도 검증에서, 정서 처리와 정서 표현은 각각 .90, .88로 매우 높은 신뢰도 계수를 나타냈다. 그리고 대처전략 척도, 정적 정서, 부적 정서, 우울, 상태 불안, 삶의 만족도와의 상관분석을 통해 정서접근적 대처 중 정서 처리가 문제중심적 대처와 마찬가지로 접근지향적 대처전략임을 확인할 수 있었다. 또한 증분 타당도를 알아보기 위한 위계적 회귀분석 결과, 정서접근적 대처는 상태 불안과 삶의 만족도에 있어서 부적 정서와 정서중심적 대처가 설명하지 못하는 고유한 설명력을 가지고 있음을 밝혔다. 마지막으로 본 연구의 의의와 제한점, 후속연구를 위한 제언을 논의하였다.
Abstract
The purpose of the present study is to validate Stanton et al(2000b)’s Emotional Approach Coping (EAC) scale in Korean Military Academy cadets. For this purpose, exploratory factor analysis has been conducted, targeting 398 KMA cadets. Its result has disclosed that the EAC scale yields 2 distinct EAC factors: 4 items for emotional process and 4 items for emotional expression. A 2-factor solution accounts for 60.28% of the variance. The result of confirmatory factor analysis based on a sample of 627 KMA cadets has shown that a model of 2 factors fits well with the data: χ2(16)=35.81, CFI=.99, TLI=.99, RMSEA=.05, SRMR=.01. The result also shows a high internal consistency reliability, providing .90 of emotional process and .88 of emotional expression respectively. We have found that emotional process - in its correlations with WOC, positive and negative affect, depression, state anxiety, and satisfaction with life scale - has the characteristic of approach-oriented coping strategies which are usually considered to belong to problem-focused coping. From the result of hierarchical multiple regression analysis, we have known that EAC can take into account the inherent variance in state anxiety and satisfaction with life that negative affect and emotion-focused coping cannot explain. At the end of this study, we have addressed implications and limitations of this study, and have provided recommendations for future studies.
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