운송 분야의 기술 발전과 규제법의 역할 －혁신의 조정과 사회 갈등의 중재를 중심으로 －

Abstract

Innovation in information and communication technology has also brought about many changes in the transportation sector. In particular, in the area of freight transport, many innovations have been made thanks to technologies in the fourth industrial era, such as predicting transport demand using artificial intelligence, optimizing routes, and reducing manpower by robots or autonomous vehicles. These technological changes have fundamentally changed the way individuals consume in their daily lives. In addition, our legislation supports this technological development in the logistics sector as a way to lay the groundwork for administrative and financial support to build a smart logistics infrastructure. However, in contrast, in the passenger transport sector, a new business that introduced platform technology in the passenger vehicle transportation business, which is a short-range transportation method, has emerged, but has been frustrated by restrictions on entry into the traditional passenger vehicle transportation business. Recently, the Passenger Transport Service Act allowed platform business on the premise of a certain burden such as contributions. Unlike in the logistics sector, in the passenger transport sector, new platform projects powered by information and communication technology are in conflict with existing operators and are not legally supported. This is because in the passenger transport sector, existing operators have been protected by entry regulations while being strongly regulated in business contents such as fares. The Passenger Transport Service Act does not easily lift entry restrictions that have been maintained while strongly blocking similar taxi operations for platform transportation businesses. In this article, the process and contents from the Passenger Transport Service Act to the introduction of the passenger vehicle transport platform business are reviewed. In addition, we consider the role of regulatory laws that mediate conflicts between new and existing operators that arm themselves with new technologies and bypass entry regulations, and induce innovation.