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마음챙김 지시가 사회불안 성향이 있는 대학생들의 불안과 사후반추에 미치는 영향

The Effect of Mindfulness Instruction on Anxiety and Post-event Rumination in Socially Anxious Undergraduate Students

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초록

본 연구는 실험을 통해 유도된 마음챙김 처치가 주의분산 처치 보다 사회불안 성향이 있는 대학생들의 불안과 사후반추를 더 감소시키는지를 검증하고자 하였다. 이를 위하여 사회불안 수준이 높은 54명의 대학생을 선발하여 마음챙김 처치조건, 주의분산 처치조건 및 무처치 조건 중 한 조건에 무선할당하였고, 불안을 유도하기 위해 1차 발표 과제를 수행하도록 하였고 발표 전후의 불안 수준을 측정하였다. 해당 집단에 따라 실험적 처치를 시행한 후 2차 발표 과제가 부여되었으며, 발표 전후의 불안 수준을 측정하였다. 또한 발표한 시점으로부터 24시간 후에 사후반추사고를 측정하였다. 연구 결과, 마음챙김 처치조건이 주의분산 처치조건과 무처치 조건보다 발표 전 예기불안 수준이 유의미하게 더 감소하였으며, 발표 후에는 마음챙김 처치조건이 무처치 조건보다 불안 수준이 더 감소하였으나 마음챙김 처치조건과 주의분산 처치조건 간에는 유의미한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 다음날 측정한 사후반추에서는 마음챙김 처치조건이 다른 두 처치조건보다 유의미하게 더 낮은 사후반추를 보였다. 이러한 결과는 마음챙김 처치가 사회불안 성향이 있는 대학생들의 예기불안과 사후반추를 감소시키는 데 효과적임을 시사하며, 사회불안 치료 개입에 대한 중요한 임상적 시사점을 제공한다.

Abstract

This study examined the effect of mindfulness on anxiety and post event-processing, as compared to distraction in socially anxious undergraduate students. Undergraduate students received the first speech task to induce anxiety, and were randomly assigned to three different treatment conditions; mindfulness condition(n=18), distraction condition(n=18), and control condition(n=18). They completed measures of subjective anxiety response before and after speeches. After receiving brief training, they underwent the second speech task and post-event rumination was assessed over the 24 hours period. Results indicated that the mindfulness group showed a greater decrease in subjective anxiety response before the speech than the other two groups, but there was no difference in subjective anxiety response after the speech between the mindfulness group and the distraction group. Next day, the mindfulness group reported less post-event rumination compared to the other two conditions. These results suggest that mindfulness can be an effective way to reduce anticipatory anxiety and post-event rumination in socially anxious individuals.

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