깔야니시마(Kalyānī Simā)를 통해 본 동남아시아 불교의 보편성과 특수성
The General Feature of the Southern Theravāda Buddhism through the ordination tradition known as Kalyāṇī sīmā
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초록
테라와다(Theravāda)로 알려진 남방불교의 보편성과 특수성을 깔야니시마로 알려진 수계전통을 통해서 살펴본다. 깔야니시마는 1400년대 후반 미얀마 남부의 담마체디왕이 자신이 통치하는 구역의 불교를 개혁하기 위해서 스리랑카로부터 도입했다. 사실상 깔야니시마를 통한 종단개혁은 남방불교가 획일적으로 스리랑카 불교화 되는 시발점이 되다. 본 논논을 깔야니시마를 통해서 남방불교가 스리랑카 불교화 되어가는 과정을 단계적으로 살펴보며 남방불교의 보편성과 특수성을 도출하도록 한다.
Abstract
This paper deals with the general feature of the Theravāda Buddhism in the South and Southeast Asia through the ordination tradition known as Kalyāṇī sīmā. It was used by King Dhammacetī of Southern Myanmar around the late 15th century to purify and to reform divided Buddhist orders within the country under his rule. This reformed ordination tradition became known as Kalyāṇī sīmā since its first ordination was performed at the river Kalyāṇī in Srilanka. In fact, this Kalyāṇī reform is regarded as the starting point of unifying Buddhism in Southeast Asia with Buddhism in Srilanka. This work will follow this transforming process step by step and then will show the general feature as well as the special feature of the Southern Theravāda Buddhism.
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