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비즈니스 모델과 조직문화가 기업성과에 미치는 영향

Impact of business model and organizational culture on firm performance

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초록

본 논문은 전국에 있는 151개의 중소기업을 대상으로 하여 비즈니스 모델과 조직문화와의 관련성, 비즈니스 모델이 기업성과에 미치는 영향, 그리고 비즈니스 모델과 기업성과 사이의 관계에서 조직문화의 매개효과에 대한 실증 연구를 수행하였다. 연구 결과, 효율성 중심 비즈니스 모델은 시장형 조직문화와 위계형 조직문화에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으나 애드호크라시형 조직문화와 클랜형 조직문화에는 유의한 영향을 미치지 못하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 참신성 중심 비즈니스 모델은 클랜형 조직문화와 애드호크라시형 조직문화, 시장형 조직문화에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으나 위계형 조직문화에 대한 영향은 유의하지 않았다. 이를 통해 효율성 중심 비즈니스 모델은 통제지향적 조직문화와의 적합도가 높으며 참신성 중심 비즈니스모델은 외부지향적 조직문화와의 적합도가 높음을 알 수 있다. 기업성과와의 관계에서는, 참신성 중심 비즈니스 모델은 기업성과에 유의한 영향을 주었으나 효율성 중심 비즈니스 모델은 기업성과에 유의한 영향을 미치지 못하였다. 비즈니스 모델과 기업성과 사이의 관계에서 조직문화의 매개효과를 분석해 본 결과, 조직문화가 참신성 중심 비즈니스 모델이 기업성과에 미치는 영향을 완전매개 하였으나 효율성 중심 비즈니스 모델이 기업성과에 미치는 영향에 대한 조직문화의 매개효과는 기각되었다. 이는 참신성 중심 비즈니스 모델이 아무리 좋은 모델이라도 조직문화가 비즈니스 모델에 적합하지 않다면 비즈니스 모델이 갖는 이점이 없어질 수 있다는 것을 시사한다.

Abstract

This paper is an empirical study on the effect of business model on organizational culture, the impact of business model on firm performance, and mediating effect of organizational culture in the relationship between business model and firm performance, targeting 151 SMEs nationwide. As a result, efficiency-centered business model has a significant effect on market culture and hierarchy culture, but it does not affect adhocracy culture and clan culture. In addition, novelty-centered business model has a significant effect on clan culture, adhocracy culture and market culture but the influence on hierarchy culture is not significant. The results show that the efficiency-centered business model is highly fit with the control-oriented culture, and the novelty-centered business model is highly fit with the external focused culture. In relation to firm performance, novelty-centered business model have a significant impact on firm performance, while the efficiency-centered business model does not significantly affect. The analysis of the mediating effects of the organizational culture on the relationship between the business model and the firm performance revealed that the novelty-centered business model is fully mediated to firm performance by organizational culture but the efficiency-centered business model is not. This suggests that no matter how good a novelty-centerd business model, the benefits of a business model may be lost if the organizational culture does not fit the business model.

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