조선후기 홍성 성호리 동제의 성립과 신격의 변화

Abstract

This thesis is aim to follow up what the transition process and its factors of the Village Ritual at Hongsung Seongho-ri in the Later Part of Chosun are. As a commercial port, Seongho-ri is typical fishing village which is located on the entrance of Mosan-man in the west coast of Choongnam province. The Village Ritual of Seongho-ri is presumed that it has originated from the beginning of Chosun and it has transmitted till now. One is Obangje(五方祭) as the lunar New Year’s greeting ritual, the other one is Dangje(堂祭) as the year’s first full moon celebration. The Village Ritual at Hongsung Seongho-ri has established triple shrines, which are Sangdang(上堂), Jungdang(中堂), and Hadang(下堂). Each shrine has the divinity of the god, which are Sanshin(山神, it means the god of a mountain), Obangshin(五方神, it means the god of five-directions), and Haeshin(海神, it means the god of sea). It is becoming clear the origins of these three shrines are not established at the same time, but each shrine established in different historical background. In fact, it is impossible to prove clearly at present but preserved documents of village shows Sangdang(上堂) and Hadang(下堂) became the archetype of the Village Ritual at Hongsung Seongho-ri. It inherited the tradition of the beginning of Chosun(the Lee Dynasty). On the contrary Jungdang, the Obangje is distinct from Dangje as the year’s first full moon celebration. It is becoming known that the Obangje has established newly after the middle part of the 18th century. The Village Ritual at Hongsung Seongho-ri has long history, and it shows distinguished transition of two aspects in the later part of Chosun. One is the point that the divinity of god at Hadang replaced from ‘Shindangjisin’(神堂之神, it means the god of shrine) to the couple of‘ the General Lim Gyeongup’, the other one is the fact that the Obangje has established as Jungdang. This study attempted to prove the background that the General Lim Gyeongup who are respectable as‘ the god of a big catch’became the god of village. In a word, the reason why the General Lim Gyeongup became the god of village is closely related to the change of life circumstance, so to speak, catch a chogi(yellow corvina) which decided success or failure of fishing for the fishermen in the west coast. Furthermore, I developed the discussion focusing on the possibility that the establishment of Obangje would be a result of political interests of ruling class who were growing up as the leading group. Remembering the case of Seongho-ri in Chosun, it is rare and precious material which contain historical features of Village Ritual of Chosun so that it’s academic significance is never too small. First of all this study will offer a lot of the points of suggestion of the studies of Village Rituals in west coast in that it would be a index to forecast the time when the General Lim Gyeongup became the god of village in the west coastal region in the later part of Chosun.