「仲尼弟子列傳」 속 子貢 서술의 문제점 - 外交 戰略家의 면모를 중심으로

Abstract

In the Essence of the Six Schools of Thought, Simaqian acknowledged the advantage of set up an order between the state and the family regarding Confucianism. At the same time, he harshly criticized the courtesy emphasized in Confucianism, saying that they were too complicated to be identified even after a lifetime. Apart from the criticism, Simaqian devoted much of his book to Confucius and his disciples. Zhongnidiziliezhuan (Biography of Zhongni's Disciples) was compiled mainly around Lunyu's records. But stories about zilu and zigong supplemented detailed anecdotes that were not in Lunyu. In addition to Zhongnidiziliezhuan, Zigong's activities are listed in Kongzishijia and huozhiliezhaun. Taken together, Zigong in Shiji can be defined as a bright and faithful disciple, an excellent strategists, and a competent businessman. The image of Zigong, a bright and faithful disciple, was mainly embodied by anecdotes from Lunyu. On the other hand, the appearance of an outstanding diplomatic strategist seems to have been brought from records other than Lunyu, and Simaqian also committed the mistake of neglecting historical evidence in this part. As a diplomat, Zigong achieves his goal by clearly grasping the propensity and desire of the object of persuasion. Like Hanfei, Simaqian deeply sympathized with those who were able but less fortunate. Simaqian defended their unfortunate ending as not due to a lack of wisdom or ability. It is difficult to think about this separately from the misfortune Simaqianexperienced himself. In Zhongnidiziliezhuan written by Simaqian, Zigong is the person who successfully completed the technique of campaigning, which Hanfei claimed but did not succeed. Simaqian lamented his situation through Hanfei, who was underprivileged. Here, he successfully realized the ideal of Hanfei again through Zigong.