论日本五山禅林四六疏文对杜甫诗歌的化用

Abstract

The Shuwen (疏文, ritual or occasional petitions) represents a widely utilized literary genre within the Gozan(五山) Zen temples of Japan. Primarily composed in the Siliuwen (四六文) style, these documents are characterized by the extensive adaptation of Du Fu’s poetry. The integration of Du Fu’s work into this Zen context was facilitated by two primary factors: the alignment between his "intertwined" (cuozong) sentence structures and the anti-logical cognition of Zen Buddhism, and the sophisticated techniques developed in Song dynasty parallel prose for transforming his poetic lines. This study identifies a shift in the thematic application of Du Fu’s imagery across different eras. During the early Gozan period, Ganyuan Shu (干缘疏, fundraising or merit petitions) frequently drew upon material imagery from Du Fu’s corpus. In contrast, the mid-to-late Gozan period saw Rusi Shu (入寺疏, temple entry petitions) increasingly adopt symbolic imagery—most notably the "ancient cypress"—as a metaphor for an individual’s talent and character, often merging these images with Zen koans. Furthermore, the sincere reminiscence of friendship and the projection of spiritual expectations found in Du Fu’s occasional poems were inherited and transformed within Zen Shuwen, establishing a new discourse for social interaction. Ultimately, the portrayal of Du Fu’s self-representation within these parallel prose documents constructed a unique "Du Fu image" that served to shape the institutional ideals of the Zen monastic community.