지식인의 자기정의와 ‘계급’－식민지 시대 지식계급론과 한국 근대소설의 지식인 표상

Abstract

Emerging in the 1920s of the colony Korea, discourses on the theory of intellectual class formed the part of efforts for self-defining of intel- lectuals as who were followers of socialism or Marxism which was the new thought of that times since Russian Revolution in 1917. Socialist intellectuals declaired that nationalist forces’ agenda, such as the encour- agement movement of Korean products, was not based on the Korean peoples’ interest but on that of the bourgeoisie. At this time, especially formed through experiences and history of the Russian intelligentsia, theory of the intellectual class from socialism or Marxism demonstrates the being of class differences among intellectuals as development course of revolution intending to collapse the capitalistic system, though par- ticepating in social activities and movements in a good cause of nation or people. In addition, socialist intellectuals claimed that middle class including intellectuals must have declined as a necessity according to the this theory. On the one hand Marxim regards intellectual as the avantgard of the proletariat revolution, on the other hand it regards them as group casting middle class’ destructive fortune because of their class base. In short, to emphasizes ‘intellegence’ over ‘class’ or the other way determined shapes of intellectuals’ self-definition. While ‘modern knowl- edge’ gives possibilty of mobility to intellectual, ‘class’ shrinks their mobility. Yoem, Sang-Seop’ view shows a effect of discoussion on in- tellectual class in forming Korean modern novels’ mode which empha- sized self-reflecative and crictic concsiousness of intelligentsia as inter- mediate being between the upper classes and the lower classes. Making an alternaive represebtation of the proletarian intellectuals, Shim, Hoon resulted in representation of healthy youth working in rural community at the antipode of the effeminate and decadent intellectuals’ potraits. This is held a perplexed cultural representation of Korean-style intellec- tual class theory of the colonial intellectuals reaching.