한국 현대시에 나타난 ‘시간성의 수사학’ 연구－ 김수영 김종삼을 중심으로

Abstract

Su-young Kim and Jong-sam Kim have been recognized as modernism poets representing the history of Korean poetry in 1950th. After experiencing the historical events like being colonized by Japan, liberation and division of the Korean Peninsula, and the Korean War, they entered on the literary world. So they have been written poems with different kind of sensibility and distinctive mode of expression, owing to being influenced by the real world in ruins at that times. This paper aims to analyze the Su-young Kim’s and Jong-sam Kim’s world of poetry from a different angle by examining ‘Rhetoric of Temporality’ existed in their poems. And it aims to explain new aspects in modernism poetry. Although there are some critics and papers on these two poets, there is no paper analyzing their poems from a ‘Rhetoric of Temporality’ point of view. Futhermore the approach of ‘Rhetoric of Temporality’ is not settled fully in the Korean academic circles. So the logic of Paul de Man on Allegory and Symbol is used aggressively in this paper. Most of theorists after romanticism set high value on Symbol, but regarded Allegory as low class rhetoric. While Symbol heads toward ultrahistorical property and totality, Allegory has historical and fragmentary characteristics. Paul de Man denied the absolute value of Symbol which maintained a superior position traditionally, but rehabilitated the meaning of Allegory in his book ‘Rhetoric of Temporality’. In this book he said that while Symbol is just an outcome of blindness not to consider the limitation of time which human being must suffer from, Allegory is an outcome of wisdom after passing through this kind of self-deception. Therefore he insisted that we should confront the painful truth being caused by Allegory, rather than stay peacefully at the vain faith being caused by Symbol. This paper analyzes Su-young Kim’s and long-sam Kim’s poems not by using familiar point of view like criticism of reality or esthetical transcendency, but by using new critical point of view called ‘Rhetoric of Temporality’. As a result, we can find out the fact that some of their works which were regarded as using Symbol are using Allegory in fact. Su-young Kim’s poems presented sharp insight overturning readers’ fixed concept through plentiful exemplum borrowed from daily life. He introduced trifling matters of everyday life resolutely, so he showed a peculiar method of writing poems which Allegoristic dissolution rather than Symbolic uniformity is more preferred. long-sam Kim adopted often fable style method of writing poems. In these fables the existence exiled to time made a presentation, and they showed the enjoyment of existence on the one hand as the tragedy style, and on the other hand as the farce style. Allegory is the rhetoric which poet has no alternative but to meet naturally as long as he wants to overcome the fictitious totality within Symbol, even though he is not conscious of it. The poems of Su-young Kim and long-sam Kim seems to be outstanding examples of this kind of fact.