주체문예론 연구(2) -‘주체문예리론체계’의 공시적 분석

Abstract

The purpose of this article is to perform a synchronous analysis of the theoretical structure of North Korea’s Juche Literary Theory. North Korea established the Juche Literary Theory in the field of literature and art as a part of “Systematizing the One Ideology of the Juche Idea” (1967) and set it as a unique theory. The ideologues of the Juche literary theory first discovered and recorded the ‘Anti-Japanese Revolutionary Literary & Art’ of Kim Il-sung made them into literary & art’ history traditions. Under the guidance of Kim Jong-il, they wrote 『Theory of Film Art』, 『Theory of Literature Based on Juche Thought』, and 『Theory of Juche Literary』. According to the blueprint, 『Juche Literary Thought』, 『Juche Literary Theory Study』, 『Juche Music Series』, 『Juche Art Series』, 『Juche Film Theory Series』, and 『Juche Literature Series』 were completed. Along with this, Kim Jong-il’s literary theory was reviewed in 『Literary and Art Gifted』, 『Comrade Kim Jong Il’s Literary Theory Series』, 『Comrade Kim Jong Il’s Literary Lead History』, 『Comrade Kim Jong Il’s Theory of Thought: Literature and Arts』, 『Comrade Kim Jong Il’s Literary and Art Achievements』 , was published as a series of 『Literary Revival in the 20th Century and Kim Jong Il』. In the early 2000s, the theory of ‘military first literature’, which reflected the ‘military-first rule, military-first ideology’ to overcome the crisis of the collapse of the North Korean system, emerged rapidly in the early 2000s. However, it was only a temporary transformation of the Juche literary theory, and it was not systematized as a separate independent theory. There were no theoretical books published other than 『Military First Revolution Literature and Art and Kim Jong Il』. In the system of Juche literary theory, the essence of literature changed from ‘communist anthropology’ to Juche’s anthropology. The ideology of literature changed from Marxism-Leninism through the Juche idea to ‘Kim Il-sung Kim Jong-ilism’. The creative method and aesthetics have changed from socialist realism to ‘Juche realism’. The characteristic components of socialist realist aesthetics also went through ‘partisanship, proletarian class character, people’ in the ‘popularity, class character, partisanship’ category, and ‘fidelity to the leader’ element was added in the Juche realist aesthetic. The status of the creative method has changed from the principle of realistic typology to creative guidelines such as ‘seed theory’ and ‘speed war’. The literary tradition changed from KAPF’s theory of succession of proletarian literature to the theory of monolithic anti-Japanese revolutionary literature and art, and then to the dualism of anti-Japanese revolutionary literary and artistic ‘tradition’ and progressive literature’s ‘legacy’. The typical figures representing each era are also positive protagonists, heroes-warriors, rider of the Chollima Movement under the socialist system, etc. symbolizing each era under the Juche ideological system, Juche’s human, 3 revolutionaries, ‘hidden heroes,’ military first fighters, ‘rider of the Mallima’ was created as a new humanoid.