Common Law, Revolution, and the Legacy of Constitutionalism: The Boundaries of British-ness in the Early Modern Atlantic World
1
조회
0
다운로드
2
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
본 논문은 근대 초기에 나타난 앵글로-아메리칸 입헌제도의 발전과정을 관찰하고 미국독립혁명사상에 내재한 정치 이론을 고찰한다. 역사적 측면에서 본 관습법 개념은 법률적 기반 위에 서 있는 입헌제도인 영국과 미국의 경우 모두 중요하다. 미국 독립혁명 사상과 자유와 자치를 중시하는 미국인의 정체성은 이러한 관습법 전통의 영향을 깊게 받은 변호사 출신의 정치지도자들에 의해 확립되었다. 미국독립 과정에서 가장 중요한 논의는 법률학의 전통에 기초를 두었다. 특히 관습법에 대한 역사적 접근과, 왕이나 의회의 의사에만 의존하기보다 기본적인 법과 권리를 중시하는 명예혁명 이전의 전통에 기초했다. 이러한 점에서 여전히 영국(British) 특유의 전통주의가 지속적으로 미국인들의 정치적, 입헌적 정체성의 중심에 자리해왔다는 점을 알 수 있다.
Abstract
This article explores the evolution of Anglo-American constitutionalism in the early modern period and examines the political discourse embodied in American Revolutionary ideology. The historical conceptions of Common Law were a crucial idiom for both the ‘Anglo’ and ‘American’ forms of a distinctively law-minded constitutionalism, although in fact interpreted differently in America and the metropole. American Revolutionary ideology and the identity of Americans as a free, self-governing people was shaped by the prominence of American political leaders who were lawyers immersed in this Common Law tradition. A principal American Revolutionary mode of argument was grounded in jurisprudential tradition ― specifically the Common Law’s historical approach embodied in regard for precedent, and the older, pre-Glorious Revolution conception of fundamental law and rights that were the inheritance of all, rather than dependent merely on the will of Crown or Parliament. In this sense, Americans ― then and now ― demonstrated a remarkable and persistent degree of a distinctively British, specifically English in a juridical sense, traditionalism at the very heart of their political and constitutional identity.
참고문헌 (45)
- Linda Colley, "Britons: Forging the Nation, 1707-1837" (1992), London
- Alexander Murdoch, "British History, 1660-1832: National Identity and Local Culture" (1998), London
- Charles S. Hyneman, "American Political Writings during the Founding Era, 1760-1805 Volume I", pp.~694 (1983), Indianapolis
- Alfred H. Kelly, "The American Constitution: Its Origins and Development" (1991), New York
- Donald S. Lutz, "Colonial Origins of the American Constitution: A Documentary History" (1998), Indianapolis
- "."[URL]
- John Reid, "The Constitutional History of the American Revolution, Volume II: The Authority to Tax", pp.276~277 (1987), Madison
- Murray Pittock, "Inventing and Resisting Britain: Cultural Identities in Britain and Ireland, 1685-1789" (1997), London
- Colin Kidd, "Subverting Scotland’s Past: Scottish Whig Historians and the Creation of an Anglo-British Identity, 1689 – c. 1830" (1993), Cambridge, UK
- Jack P. Greene, "Pursuits of Happiness: The Social Development of Early Modern British Colonies and the Formation of American Culture" (1988), Chapel Hill
- Bernard Bailyn, "The Ideological Origins of the American Revolution", pp.~19 (1992), Cambridge, MA
- Norman Cantor, "Imagining the Law: Common Law and the Foundations of the American Legal System", pp.~364 (1999), New York
- Peter Charles Hoffer, "Law and People in Colonial America", pp.130~131 (1998), Baltimore
- James Wilson, "On Municipal Law", American Political Writing during the Founding Era, II, pp.~1294 (1804)
- Jack P. Greene, "The First Continental Congress: A Documentary History", pp.94~ (1974), United States House of Representatives: Washington, D.C
- Pauline Maier, "American Scripture: How America Declared Its Independence from Britain", pp.~3 (1999), London
- Hyneman, "American Political Writings during the Founding Era I", pp.~405
- R. M. Calhoon, "The Loyalists in Revolutionary America" (1973), New York
- Mary Beth Norton, "The British-Americans: The Loyalist Exiles in England, 1774-1789" (1972), Boston
- William H. Nelson, "The American Tory" (1961), Oxford
- Wallace Brown, "The Good Americans: The Loyalists in the American Revolution" (1969), New York
- Jack P. Greene, "The British Revolution in America", More Adventures with Britannia: Personalities, Politics and Culture in Britain, ~31 (1998)
- Jack P. Greene, "The American Revolution", American Historical Review, 105(1), pp.93~102 (2000)
- P.J. Marshall, "Empire and Identity from the Glorious Revolution to the American Revolution", The Oxford History of the British Empire, II, pp.208~230 (1998)
- J. P. Kenyon, "Revolution Principles: The Politics of Party, 1689-1720" (1990), Cambridge
- John Miller, "The Glorious Revolution" (1997), London
- Patrick Dillon, "The Last Revolution: 1688 and the Creation of the Modern World" (2007), London
- John Patrick Diggins, "The Portable John Adams", pp.278~279 (2004), New York
- Paine, "The American Crisis, Number I in The American Revolution: Writings from the War of Independence", pp.~239 (2001), New York
- Constitution, "American Political Writings during the Founding Era", 1776, ~341
- J. G. A. Pocock, "Three British Revolutions: 1641, 1688, 1776" (1980), Princeton
- David S. Lovejoy, "The Glorious Revolution in America" (1987), Middletown, CT
- Trevor Colbourn, "The Lamp of Experience: Whig History and the Intellectual Origins of the American Revolution" (1998), Indianapolis
- John Pocock, "The Ancient Constitution and the Feudal Law" (1987), Cambridge, UK
- Caroline Robbins, "The Eighteenth-Century Commonwealthman: Studies in the Transmission, Development, and Circumstance of English Liberal Thought from the Restoration of Charles II Until the War with the Thirteen Colonies" (2004), Indianapolis
- H. T. Dickinson, "and the American Revolution" (1998), London
- John Sainsbury, "Disaffected Patriots: London Supporters of Revolutionary America" (1987), Montreal
- Colin Bonwick, "English Radicals and the American Revolution" (1977), Chapel Hill
- Bernard Bailyn, "The Ideological Origins of the American Revolution" (1967), Cambridge, MA
- Bernard Bailyn, "The Origins of American Politics" (1968), New York
- Adams, "A Defence of the Constitutions of the United States of America", London
- Burke, "Reflections on the Revolution in France"
- Owen Dudley Edwards, "John Adams and Constitutions", Constitutions and National Identity, ~64 (1993)
- Ray Raphael, "Founding Myths: Stories That Hide Our Patriotic Past", pp.~259 (2004), New York & London
- James Wilson, "On Municipal Law in American Political Writings during the Founding Era II", ~1267