중국 진출 중소기업의 생산전략이 경영성과에 미치는 영향
The Effect of Production Strategy of Small and Medium Sized Enterprise Extending its Business to Chinese Market on Business Performance
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초록
본 연구는 중국 진출 한국 중소기업의 경쟁전략과 생산전략, 경영성과 간의 관계를 규명하여, 지속적 생존과 성장에 필요한 시사점을 제공하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 중국 진출 한국 중소기업 220개를 대상으로 자료를 수집하여 분석하였다. 분석결과 첫째, 제조 기업의 경쟁전략 중 차별화전략은 생산전략에 긍정적으로 유의한 영향을 미치는 반면, 원가우위전략은 생산전략에 유의한 영향력을 미치지 못하는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 이는 중국 진출 한국 중소기업도 중국의 경영환경변화에 능동적으로 대처하고자 차별화전략에 근거하여 생산전략을 수립하는 경향이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 차별화전략과 생산전략은 경영성과에 긍정적으로 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 밝혀졌으나, 원가우위전략은 유의한 영향력이 없는 것으로 나타났다. 이와 같은 결과는 중국 진출 한국 중소기업이 과거에는 원가경쟁력 강화 차원에서 중국에 진출하였나, 현재는 중국의 경영환경변화에 능동적으로 대처하여 성장과 발전을 위해 차별화전략을 바탕으로 생산전략을 수립하는 경향이 있으며, 이는 결과적으로 기업성과에 긍정적으로 작용한다는 것을 확인하였다. 이상의 분석결과를 바탕으로 본 연구에서는 중국 진출 한국 중소기업이 원가경쟁력 강화도 중요하지만, 중국 시장과 고객의 욕구 변화에 유연하게 대처하고, 신속하게 고객 가치 전달을 통하여 경쟁기업과는 차별화 될 수 있는 제품개발을 위해 기술역량을 강화하고, 효과적인 생산 및 유통을 위해서는 유연성 강화에 노력해야 할 것을 시사하고 있다.
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the relation between competition strategy, production strategy and business performance of Korean small and medium sized enterprises (SME’s) extending their business to Chinese market and to make suggestions required for their sustainable survival and growth. To do this, this study adopts 220 Korean SME’s extending their business to Chinese market for data collecting and analysis. The analysis demonstrates that; first, among competition strategies of manufacturing enterprises, the differentiation strategy has significantly positive impact on production strategy while the cost leadership strategy doesn't. It indicates that Korean SME’s extending their business to Chinese market tend to establish their production strategy based on differentiation strategy to cope actively with changes in Chinese business environment. Second, differentiation strategy and production strategy are proved significantly positive for business performance but cost leadership strategy is not. This result confirms that Korean SME’s extending their business to Chinese market would enter the Chinese market for a purpose of reinforcing cost competitiveness in the past but now, they tend to actively cope with changes in Chinese business environment and to establish their production strategy based on differentiation strategy for growth and development, which are consequently of positive impact on business performance. Based on the aforementioned analysis results, this study suggests that Korean SME’s extending their business to Chinese market have to flexibly cope with changes of Chinese market and changing needs of customers; strengthen their technical capabilities to develop products that can be differentiated from those of competing enterprises by promptly providing customer values and; enhance the flexibility for effective production and distribution as well as reinforce their cost competitiveness.
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