다국적기업 사회적 책임활동(CSR)의 통합 피라미드 모델에 관한 연구
Study on Integrated Pyramid Model of Multinational Enterprise Social Responsibility Activities
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본 연구는 다국적기업의 사회적 책임활동에 대한 주요 선행연구를 참조하여 진화하는사회적 책임활동의 개념을 포괄할 수 있는 통합모델을 제안하고자 한다. 다국적기업의글로벌 CSR에 대한 기본연구는 Carroll의 피라미드 모델로 경제적, 법적, 윤리적, 자선적으로 나누었다. Porter & Kramer는 다국적기업의 사회적 책임을 반응적 CSR과전략적 CSR로 유형화하였고, 공유가치창출(CSV)의 개념으로 발전시켰다. 한편 Luo는다국적기업의 사회적 책임 모델을 윤리규범, 조직적 신뢰, 자선 및 현지공헌 등의 4개영역으로 구분하였다. 본 연구는 Carroll, Porter 및 Luo 등의 선행연구에서 강조한사회적 책임의 근본개념과 활동에 최근 화두가 되고 있는 공유가치창출 (CSV)의 개념을내재화하여 ‘통합 피라미드 모델(Integrated Pyramid Model)’을 제시하였다. 통합모델은① Carroll의 피라미드 구조에, ② Luo의 CSR 영역과 ③ Porter의 CSV 핵심개념인사회혁신투자를 추가하여 계층적 관점의 5개 도메인으로 유형화하고 이를 반응적 CSR과전략적 CSR 활동으로 그룹화 하였다. 제시된 통합모델은 사회적인 문제해결을 위한상생과 참여, 사회적 혁신 및 적극적인 자원투자를 지향하는 특징을 갖는바 해외 현지에서글로벌 경영을 수행하고 있는 전문경영인에게 시사점을 제공할 것이다. 향후 제안된다국적기업 사회적 책임활동의 통합 피라미드 모델에 대한 논의와 실증연구가 이루어져야할 것이다.
Abstract
The objectives of this study is to review previous research about MNE social responsibility activities and suggest integrated corporate social responsibility model of MNE. The concepts and domains of MNE CSR have evolved from Carroll’s global CSR pyramid into Porter’s strategic CSR and CSV(creating shared value). First, based on the classical CSR pyramid model, Carroll defined MNE global CSR pyramid into economic, legal, ethical and philanthropic responsibility. This concept provides fundamental framework of corporate social responsibility. Second, Luo classified MNE CSR activities as ethical codes, organization credibility, philanthropic contribution and resource accommodation. Third, Porter and Kramer also conceptualize responsive and strategic CSR, emphasizing on business linked activities for competitiveness as well as CSV focusing social innovation, investment and community involvement. This study suggests ‘Integrated pyramid model’ of MNE CSR, combined key attributes of Carroll, Luo, and Porter & Kramer. The structure of integrated pyramid model is based on Carroll pyramid concept and the components are consisted of 5 domains that are added social innovation and investment on Luo 4 types classification. This integrated pyramid model is embedded evolving CSR 2.0 and emphasizes the importance of social investment both to solve social issues and to find new business opportunities. This study provides some strategic CSR cases linked to business and social investment.
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