강력범죄피해자지원 실무자의 대리외상 및 대책
Vicarious Traumatization of Practician for Violent Criminal Victims And Protection Provisions
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본 연구는 우리나라 강력범죄피해자 지원 실무자의 대리외상을 살펴보고 예측요인을 탐색하는 것을 목적으로 하였다. 이를 위해 강력범죄피해자지원 실무자 54명과 강력범죄피해지원 경험이 없는 직장인 67명(상담직=24명, 일반 사무직=43명)을 대상으로 외상 및 애착 신념척도(TABS), 개인정보 및 경력질문지, 아동기외상척도(CTQ), 위기지지척도(CSQ), 코너-데이비슨 탄력성척도(CD-RISC), 직무만족척도, 한국-상담자소진척도(K-CBI), 및 대응전략조사자를 실시하였다. 그 결과, 표적집단이 두 비교집단 보다 자기안전과 타인신뢰에서 그리고 자기신뢰와 타인통제 및 총점에서 비교-일반집단 보다 유의미하게 높은 점수를 보였다. 연령, 성별, 복리후생제도, 급여수준, 그리고 살인과 강도 및 폭행치상 지원 건수와 대리외상 지표 간에 유의미한 상관관계가 나타났다. 직무유형에 따른 대리외상의 차이는 유의미하지 않았다. 직무만족도, 위기지지수준, 긍정적 대응기제, 소진척도의 무능함과 비협조적 업무환경, 코너데이비슨 탄력성척도의 강인함과 인내, 그리고 아동기 신체학대와 방임, 정서 방임, 그리고 아동기 외상 총점과 대리외상 간에도 유의미한 상관관계가 나타났다. 단계적 회기분석을 통해 대리외상 예측요인 탐색한 결과, 직무만족도와 위기 시 지지받을 수 있다고 지각하는 정도가 대리외상의 31.1%를 설명하는 것으로 나타났다. 마지막으로 연구 결과의 함의와 제한점에 대해 논의하였다.
Abstract
This study aims to explore on vicarious trauma of practician for violent crime victims, especially focused on the disruption of cognitive schemata and beliefs. A total of 121(target group=54, comparison group=67) measures of the questionnaire for demographic and job data, Trauma-Attachment Belief Scale(TABS), Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, Crisis Support Questionnaire, Conner-Davidson Resilience Scale, Korean-Counselor Burnout Inventory, Job Satisfaction Scale, and Coping Strategy Survey. In the results, target group experienced significantly severe vicarious trauma more than comparison group. Age, gender, well-fare system, a pay level, and service number of murder, robber, and physical assert were significantly correlated to vicarious trauma indices. The level of jab satisfaction, crisis support level, positive coping strategies, incompetence, negative work environment, hardiness, persistence, and childhood trauma(especially physical abuse, physical neglect, emotional neglect) were also significantly correlated to vicarious trauma. In the result of stepwise regression for exploration of predictor variables of vicarious trauma, job satisfaction and crisis support level could significantly explained 31.1% of variance of vicarious trauma. Finally, the implications of these results as well as the limitations of this study and protection provisions are discussed.
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