본문 바로가기
KERD
논문KCI 등재

당신의 고객들은 종업원의 진심을 알고 있을까?: 서비스실패회복 상황에서 서비스 공정성의 영향과 서비스 진정성의 매개효과에 관한 연구

Service Justice and Mediating Effect of Service Authenticity in Service Recovery Situation

0

조회

0

다운로드

12

인용

0

참고문헌

키워드

초록

서비스 실패는 어떠한 기업도 피해갈 수 없는 부분으로 서비스 종업원의 문제 해결 능력은 서비스 실패 상황에서 직면하는 다양한 부정적인 감정을 해소시키는데 중요한 역할을 한다. 본 연구에서는 Ellis ABC이론과 인지모형을 바탕으로 하여 서비스실패회복 상황에서 서비스 공정성이 부정적 감정의 유형에 미치는 영향과 서비스 진정성의 매개효과를 심층적으로 분석하고자 하였다. 본 연구의 표본은 최근 서비스 실패를 경험 후 회복의 경험이있는 남, 여 고객 모두를 대상으로 20대~50대 이상까지의 응답자를 선정하고 고객들의 경험을 토대로 설문조사를 실시하였으며 총 239부를 수집하였다. 본 연구의 목적은 크게 3가지로 첫째, 서비스 실패 상황에서 서비스공정성(분배적, 절차적. 상호작용)이 부정적 감정의 3가지 유형(내부적; 후회, 슬픔, 우울/외부적; 짜증, 좌절, 권력상실/상황적; 걱정, 염려, 불안함)에서 감정을 해소하는데 미치는 영향관계를 알아보고자 한다. 둘째, 서비스실패 상황에서 서비스 진정성이 부정적 감정의 3가지 유형에서 감정을 해소하는데 미치는 영향관계를 검정하고자하였다. 마지막으로 서비스 진정성이 서비스 공정성과 부정적 감정의 유형들 사이에서 보여주는 매개효과를 알아보고자 하였다. 실증분석 결과로는 첫째, 서비스 공정성(분배적, 절차적, 상호작용)은 서비스 진정성과 긍정적인 영향관계를가지고 있음이 확인되었다. 둘째, 서비스 진정성은 부정적 감정해소(내부적, 외부적, 상황적)에 긍정적인 영향관계가 나타났다. 마지막으로, 서비스 진정성은 절차공정성을 제외한 분배공정성과 내부적 감정을 해소하는데 완전매개효과를 가지고, 외부적 감정 해소에서는 부분매개 관계를 확인 할 수 있었으며 상호공정성에서는 내부적 감정과 외부적 감정을 해소하는데 완전 매개 관계가 나타났다. 추가적으로 본 연구결과가 의미하는 경영관리적 시사점과 연구의 한계에 대해서도 토의하고자 하였다.

Abstract

Service employee's ability to solve the problem is playing critical role to reduce negative emotion from the context of service failure. Based on the Ellis ABC theory and cognitive model, this paper reports the results from the survey consisting of 239 customers who have experienced service recovery after failure. The objective of this paper is to examine the effects of such constructs as service justices, service authenticity, and negative emotion. This study attempts to investigate the direct effects of service justices(distributive, procedural, interaction) and service authenticity on negative emotion (internal, external, situational). Also, this study tried to analyze the mediator effect of service authenticity between service justices and negative emotion in the context of service failure recovery. The study results suggest that there is positive effect relationship between service justices and service authenticity and, service authenticity has positive effect on the reduction of negative emotion. Finally, this result suggests that service authenticity fully mediates the relation to distribution justice and interaction justice, except for procedural justice and it partly mediates relation to the reduction of external negative emotion. Also, it fully mediates the causal relationship between interaction justice and internal․external negative emotion. Some managerial implications and the limitations of the study results were also discussed.

참고문헌 (81)

  1. 김문섭, "상담서비스 품질차원과 소비자 태도의 관계: 지각된 위험과 관여도의 조절효과", 소비문화연구, 18(3), pp.181~197 (2015), 한국소비문화학회
  2. 김미정, "서비스회복의 지각된 공정성과 진정성 그리고 회복성과: 지각된 공정성과 진정성의 상호작용효과를 중심으로", 마케팅연구, 28(3), pp.151~176 (2013), 한국마케팅학회
  3. 김상희, "서비스회복은 고객의 머리로 이루어지는가? 가슴으로 이루어지는가?: 공정성 vs 진정성의 상대적 영향력 비교", 경영학연구, 43(1), pp.1~39 (2014), 한국경영학회
  4. 김상희, "고객은 진실로 서비스실패기업을 용서하였는가?: 기업회복노력의 진정성과 고객의 용서과정", 경영학연구, 39(3), pp.665~706 (2010), 한국경영학회
  5. 김승시, "패밀리 룩을 통한 제품 실체성 지각과 브랜드 태도에 관한 연구", 소비문화연구, 18(3), pp.223~248 (2015), 한국소비문화학회
  6. 성형석, "고객의 자기조절성향이 서비스 실패에 따른 부정적 감정과 고객반응에 미치는 영향 -귀인과정에 따른 조정적 역할을 중심으로-", 아시아마케팅저널, 12(2), pp.83~110 (2010), 한국마케팅학회
  7. 이준재, "호텔레스토랑 서비스회복 공정성지각이 고객감정과 행동의도의 영향관계 연구", 외식경영연구, 13(1), pp.129~150 (2010), 한국외식경영학회
  8. 이유재, "서비스 공정성이 고객불량행동에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구: 부정적 감정과 고객몰입의 매개효과", 마케팅연구, 19(4), pp.185~210 (2004), 한국마케팅학회
  9. 전수현, "전자상거래 환경하에서 서비스 실패 회복 노력의 공정성과 진정성이 회복만족에 미치는 영향: 관여도의 조절효과를 중심으로", 지식경영연구, 16(1), pp.71~93 (2015), 한국지식경영학회[DOI]
  10. 지희진, "서비스 회복 과정에서 종업원 진정성의 역할에 관한 연구", 한국산학기술학회논문지, 14(11), pp.5541~5548 (2013), 한국산학기술학회[DOI]
  11. Allan, A., "Exploration of the association between apology and forgiveness amongst victims of human rights violations", Behavioral sciences & the law, 24(1), pp.87~102 (2006)
  12. Adams, J. S., "Towards an understanding of inequity", The Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 67(5), pp.422~ (1963)
  13. Bagozzi, R. P., "Goal-directed emotions", Cognition and Emotion, 12(1), pp.1~26 (1998)
  14. Baron, R. M., "The moderator–mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations", Journal of personality and social psychology, 51(6), pp.1173~ (1986)
  15. Bell, C. R., "Turning Disappointment into Customer Delight", Editor and Publisher, 38(8), pp.48~ (1994)
  16. Bell, C. R., "Service Breakdown : The Road to Recovery", Management Review, pp.32~35 (1987)
  17. Berry, L. L., "Marketing Service : Competing Trough Quality" (1991), The Free Press
  18. Bies, R. J., "Interactional justice: Communication criteria of fairness", Research on negotiation in organizations, 1(1), pp.43~55 (1986)
  19. Bitner, M. J., "Evaluating Service Encounters: The Effects and Physical Surroundings and Employee Responses", Journal of Marketing, 54(4), pp.69~82 (1990)
  20. Bitner, M. J., "The Service Encounter: Diagnosing Favorable and Unfavorable Incidents", Journal of Marketing, 54(1), pp.71~84 (1990)
  21. Blodgett, J. G., "The Effects of Distributive, Procedural, and Interactional Justic on Post-Compliant Behavior", Journal of Retailing, 73(2), pp.665~706 (1997)
  22. Brown, T. J., "The influence of preencounter affect on satisfaction with an anxiety provoking service encounter", Journal of Service Research, 1, pp.333~346 (1999)
  23. Chebat, J. C., "How emotions mediate the effects of perceived justice on oyalty in service recovery situations: an empirical study", Journal of Business Research, 58(5), pp.664~673 (2005)
  24. Chris M., "Are they being served? Linking consumer expectation, evlauation and commitment", Journal of Service Marketing, 26(4), pp.227~237 (2012)
  25. Debats, D. L., "Experiences of meaning in life: Acombined qualitative and quantitative approach", British Journal of Psychology, 86, pp.359~375 (1995)
  26. Dong, B., "The Effects of Customer participation in Co-created Service Recovery", Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 36(1), pp.123~137 (2008)
  27. Ekman, P., "Facial Expressions of Emotions: New Findings, New Questions", Psychological Science, 3, pp.34~38 (1992)
  28. Ekman, P., "Felt, False, and Miserable Smiles", Journal of Nonverbal Behavior, 6(4), pp.238~252 (1982)
  29. Ekman, P., "The Duchenne Smile: Emotional Expression and Brain Psychology II", Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 58(2), pp.342~358 (1990)
  30. Ellis, A., "The Revised ABC's of Rational-Emotive Therapy (RET)", Journal of Rational-Emotive & Cognitive-Behavior Therapy, 9(3), pp.139~172 (1991)
  31. Ellis, A., "New approaches to psychotherapy techniques", Journal of Clinical Psychology (1955)
  32. Frijda, N. H, "Moods, emotion episodes, and emotions" (1993)
  33. Garety, P. A., "A cognitive model of the positive symptoms of psychosis", Psychological medicine, 31(2), pp.189~195 (2001)
  34. Gilmore, J. H., "What Consumers Really Want: Authenticity" (2007), Harvard Business School Press
  35. Goldman, B. M., "Role of authenticity in healthy psychological functioning and subjective well-being", Annals of the American Psychotherapy Association, 5, pp.18~23 (2002)
  36. Goldman, B. M., "Dispositional authenticity as a predictor of parenting styles and parental support for authenticity, Unpublished data", ~ (2005)
  37. Goodwin, C., "Customer Responses to Service Failures: Influences of Procedural and Interactional Fairness Perceptions", Journal of Business Research, 25(2), pp.149~163 (1992)
  38. Harter, S., "The personal self in social context: Barriers to authenticity" (1997)
  39. Harter, S., "Amodel of the effects of parent and peer support on adolescent false self behavior", Child development, 67, pp.360~374 (1996)
  40. Heskett, J. L., "Service Breakthroughs : Changing the Rules of the Game" (1990), The Free Press
  41. Hoffman, K. D., "Tracking Service Failures and Employee Recovery Efforts", Journal of Service Marketing, 9(2), pp.49~61 (1995)
  42. Huang, Min-Hsin, "Re-examining the effect of service recovery: the moderating role of brand equity", Journal of Services Marketing, 25(7), pp.509~516 (2011)
  43. Karatepe, O. M., "Customer complaints and organizational responses: the effects of complainants’ perceptions of justice on satisfaction and loyalty", International Journal of Hospitality Management, 25(1), pp.69~90 (2006)
  44. Kau, A. K., "The effects of service recovery on consumer satisfaction: a comparison between complainants and non-complainants", Journal of Services Marketing, 20(2), pp.101~111 (2006)
  45. Kelly, S., "A Typology of Retail Failures and Recoveries", Journal of Retailing, 69(4), pp.429~452 (1993)
  46. Kifer, Y., "The good life of the powerful: the experience of power and authenticity enhances subjective well-being", Psychological science, 24(3), pp.280~288 (2013)
  47. Kohlberg, L., "Moral Development Behavior: Theory, Research, and Social Issues", pp.31~53 (1976), Holt
  48. Lakey, C., "Individual differences in authenticity and mindfulness as predictors of verbal defensiveness", Journal of Research in Personality, 42, pp.230~238 (2008)
  49. Lazarus, R. S., "Stress. Appraisal, and coping", pp.725~ (1984)
  50. Leak, G. K., "Selfdetermination, attachment styles, and wellbeingin adult romantic relationships", Representative Research in Social Psychology, 25, pp.55~62 (2001)
  51. Leventhal, G. S., "What should be done with equity theory?", pp.27~55 (1980), Springer US
  52. Levesque, T. J., "Service Problem and Recovery Strategies: An Experiment", Canadian Journal of Administrative Science, 17(1), pp.20~37 (2000)
  53. Liljander, V., "Emotions in service satisfaction", International Journal of Service Industry, 8(2), pp.148~169 (1997)
  54. Lind, E. A., "The social psychology of procedural justice" (1988), Springer Science & Business Media
  55. Lopez, F. G., "Preliminary development and validation of a measure of relationship authenticity", Journal of Counseling Psychology, 53, pp.362~371 (2006)
  56. Maxham III J. G., "Modeling customer perceptions of complaint handling over time: the effects of perceived justice on satisfaction and intent", Journal of Retailing, 78(4), pp.239~252 (2002)
  57. Connectionist models and cognitive science: Goals, directions and implications, "McClelland, J. L.", National Science Foundation, ~ (1986)
  58. Meyer, J. P., "From attribution to helping: An analysis of the mediating effects of affect and expectancy", Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 39(2), pp.201~ (1980)
  59. Oliver, R. L., "Satisfaction: A behavioral perspective on the customer" (1997)
  60. Oliver, R. L., "Cognitive, affective, and attribute bases of the satisfaction response", Journal of Consumer Research, 20(3), pp.418~430 (1993)
  61. Oliver, R.L., "A cognitive model of the antecedents and consequences of satisfaction decisions", Journal of marketing research, pp.460~469 (1980)
  62. Parkinson, B., "Appraisal as a cause of emotion" (1992)
  63. Patterson, P. G., "Service failure recovery: the moderating impact of individual-level cultural value orientation on perceptions of justice", International Journal of Research in Marketing, 23(3), pp.263~277 (2006)
  64. Petzer, D. J., "Service receivers' negative emotions in airline and hospital service settings", Journal of Services Marketing, 26(7), pp.484~496 (2012)
  65. Price, L. L., "Going to extremes: Marketing service encounters and assessing provider performance", Journal of Marketing, 59(4), pp.83~97 (1995)
  66. Rousseau, D.M., "Psychological contracts in the workplace: the ties that bind", Academy of Management Executive, 18(1), pp.120~127 (2004)
  67. Ryan, R, M., "Self-complexity and the authenticity of self-aspects: Effects on well being and resilience to stressful events", North American Journal of Psychology, 7, pp.431~448 (2005)
  68. Schumann, K., "Does love mean never having to say you’re sorry? Associations between relationship satisfaction, perceived apology sincerity, and forgiveness", Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 29(7), pp.997~1010 (2012)
  69. Sheldon, K. M., "Coherence and congruence: Two aspects of personality integration", Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 68, pp.531~543 (1995)
  70. Sirianni, N. J., "Branded Service Encounters: Strategically Aligning Employee Behavior with the Brand Positioning", Journal of Marketing, 77, pp.108~123 (2013)
  71. Skarlicki, D. P., "Personality as a moderator in the relationship between fairness and retaliation", Academy of Management Journal, 42(1), pp.100~108 (1999)
  72. Smith, A. K., "An Experimental Investigation of Customer Reactions to Service Failure and Recovery Encounter", Journal of Service Research, 1(1), pp.65~81 (1998)
  73. Smith, A. K., "A model of customer satisfaction with service encounters involving failure and recovery", Journal of marketing research, pp.356~372 (1999)
  74. Svaeri, S., "A SOS construct of negative emotions in custormer’service experience (CSE) and service recovery by firms (SRF)", Journal of Services marketing, 25(5), pp.323~335 (2011)
  75. Takaku, S., "The Effects of Apology and Perspective Taking on Interpersonal Forgiveness: A Dissonance-Attribution Model of Interpersonal Forgiveness", Journal of Social Psychology, 141(4), pp.494~508 (2001)
  76. Tax, S. S., "Customer evaluations of service complaint experiences: implications for relationship marketing", The Journal of Marketing, pp.60~76 (1998)
  77. Thibaut, J. W., "Procedural justice: A psychological analysis" (1975), L. Erlbaum Associates
  78. Wade, N. G., "Overcoming Interpersonal Offenses: Is Forgiveness the Only Way to Deal with Unforgiveness?", Journal of Counseling and Development, 81(3), pp.343~353 (2003)
  79. Watson, D., "Negative affectivity: the disposition to experience aversive emotional states", Psychological bulletin, 96(3), pp.465~ (1984)
  80. Weiner, B., "Spontaneous Causal Search", Psychological Bulletin, 97, pp.74~84 (1985)
  81. Westbrook, R. A., "The dimensionality of consumption emotion patterns and consumer satisfaction", Journal of Consumer Research, 18(1), pp.84~91 (1991)

관련 논문AI추천

이 간행물의 다른 논문 (8건)