Acauisition of English Vowels by Korean ESL Speakers: A Phonetic Approach
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Abstract
Kim, Soo-Jung. 2006. Acquisition of English Vowels by Korean ESL speakers: A Phonetic Approach. The Linguistic Association of Korea Journal, 14(2), 1-16. English has a phonemic distinction of tense and lax vowels that Korean does not have in its sound inventory. Discriminating tense and lax vowels in English is crucial in some cases to catch the right meaning of sentences. In this respect, this study is aimed to diagnose how accurately the tense and lax distinction is acquired by Korean ESL speakers. Specifically, the perception and production ability of Korean English learners are investigated. First, according to perception tests on three groups, high school students(early English learners) showed little difference from college students(late learners): 58 vs. 60%. The teachers group displayed a slightly higher identification rate of 71%. Second, the acoustic measurements of vowel duration and formant frequencies on the speech of Korean ESL and native English speakers suggested each group used different strategies in producing the vowels. The native speakers use both cues of vowel durations and formant frequencies. In contrast, the Korean ESL speakers showed a difference in vowel length, but no statistical difference in formant frequencies, indicating only the length feature is acquired and used in distinguishing the tense and lax vowels in English.
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