사회적 무질서, 범죄피해경험, 학교에서의 폭력범죄피해의 두려움 : 학교와 이웃의 두려움에 대한 사회적 무질서의 차별적 효과
Social Disorder, Victimization, and the Fear of Violent Crime at School
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This study examines three models – neighborhood integration model, disorder model, and crime victimization model - which explain the fear of crime at school and neighborhood, using the 4th wave data(N=3,121) of Korean Youth Panel Survey. The results of logistic regression analysis on the fear of violent crime show that disorder model generally explains it better than social control model(neighborhood integration model, collective efficacy model, and etc..) or direct crime victimization model. Some factors of models had a different effect on the fear of violent crime,according to locations on which youths feel it. At neighborhood level, physical disorder and social disorder had a strong effect on the fear of violent crime. But, at school level, only social disorder had also a strong effect but physical disorder didn’t have a significant effect on fear. Additionally, unformal social control factors didn’t have a significant effect on the fear of violent crime at neighborhood level,but had a significant effect on the fear at school level, though it was small. This result shows that different reactions by locations are needed to reduce the fear of violent crime: at neighborhood level, the general strategy reducing physical,social disorder is needed, but, at school level, the selective strategy reducing social disorder, not physical disorder, is needed. Specially, to reduce the fear of violent crime at school, it is necessary to exclude or to suppress gangs from schools or near. Also, unformal social controls, such as social integration, social bond between teachers and students, collective efficacy and etc, have to be strengthened.
Abstract
This study examines three models – neighborhood integration model, disorder model, and crime victimization model - which explain the fear of crime at school and neighborhood, using the 4th wave data(N=3,121) of Korean Youth Panel Survey. The results of logistic regression analysis on the fear of violent crime show that disorder model generally explains it better than social control model(neighborhood integration model, collective efficacy model, and etc..) or direct crime victimization model. Some factors of models had a different effect on the fear of violent crime,according to locations on which youths feel it. At neighborhood level, physical disorder and social disorder had a strong effect on the fear of violent crime. But, at school level, only social disorder had also a strong effect but physical disorder didn’t have a significant effect on fear. Additionally, unformal social control factors didn’t have a significant effect on the fear of violent crime at neighborhood level,but had a significant effect on the fear at school level, though it was small. This result shows that different reactions by locations are needed to reduce the fear of violent crime: at neighborhood level, the general strategy reducing physical,social disorder is needed, but, at school level, the selective strategy reducing social disorder, not physical disorder, is needed. Specially, to reduce the fear of violent crime at school, it is necessary to exclude or to suppress gangs from schools or near. Also, unformal social controls, such as social integration, social bond between teachers and students, collective efficacy and etc, have to be strengthened.
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