English Sentential Subject Extraposition: A Constraint-Based Approach
1
조회
0
다운로드
2
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
Lee, Seung Han. (2018). English sentential subject extraposition: A constraint-based approach. The Linguistic Association of Korea Journal, 26(3), 71-87. This study provides a systematic account of the properties of sentential subject extraposition (SSE) with the help of sign-based construction grammar which enables SSE construction to inherit multiple constraints through an inheritance hierarchy. In doing so, we take a closer look at a total of 414 examples of SSE structures from COCA and then describe their properties. Adjectival predicates stay on the top of frequency rate, and simultaneously convey an objective and evaluative stance. The information structure within an extraposed sentential subject is not always discourse-new, thus not being an absolute answer for its movement. The heaviest grammatical weight within an extraposed constituent also does not become a fundamental trigger for the extraposition. Not surprisingly, the conclusive statement on why the sentential subject is extraposed is the result of a stronger focus effect, whereby prominence maximizes a speaker's illocutionary act. Considering these facts, in a constraint-based analysis, we employ a Head-Extra Construction and then subcategorize it into a Head-Noun-Extra Construction in order to explain the case when a head noun selects a nonlocal EXTRA feature. The main predicate of an SSE construction is specified as a verb lexeme to allow a finite auxiliary as well as a finite main verb. It is also licensed from core-cl, so its declarative and interrogative clauses are allowed in English. Last, we add a FOCUS feature to the feature structure in order to reflect a speaker's prosodically marked point. Consequently, all these constraints license English sentential subject extraposition.
Abstract
Lee, Seung Han. (2018). English sentential subject extraposition: A constraint-based approach. The Linguistic Association of Korea Journal, 26(3), 71-87. This study provides a systematic account of the properties of sentential subject extraposition (SSE) with the help of sign-based construction grammar which enables SSE construction to inherit multiple constraints through an inheritance hierarchy. In doing so, we take a closer look at a total of 414 examples of SSE structures from COCA and then describe their properties. Adjectival predicates stay on the top of frequency rate, and simultaneously convey an objective and evaluative stance. The information structure within an extraposed sentential subject is not always discourse-new, thus not being an absolute answer for its movement. The heaviest grammatical weight within an extraposed constituent also does not become a fundamental trigger for the extraposition. Not surprisingly, the conclusive statement on why the sentential subject is extraposed is the result of a stronger focus effect, whereby prominence maximizes a speaker's illocutionary act. Considering these facts, in a constraint-based analysis, we employ a Head-Extra Construction and then subcategorize it into a Head-Noun-Extra Construction in order to explain the case when a head noun selects a nonlocal EXTRA feature. The main predicate of an SSE construction is specified as a verb lexeme to allow a finite auxiliary as well as a finite main verb. It is also licensed from core-cl, so its declarative and interrogative clauses are allowed in English. Last, we add a FOCUS feature to the feature structure in order to reflect a speaker's prosodically marked point. Consequently, all these constraints license English sentential subject extraposition.
참고문헌 (23)
- Boas, H. C., "Sign-based construction grammar" (2012), CSLI publications
- Collins, P., "Extraposition in English", Functions of Language, 1(1), pp.7~24 (1994)
- Chomsky, N., "Lectures on government and binding" (1981), Foris
- hypothesis B: Linguistic explorations in honor of David M. Perlmutter, "Hypothesis A", pp.2009, Davies, W. D.
- Francis, E. J., "When relative clause extraposition is the right choice, it’s easier", Language and Cognition, 9(2), pp.332~370 (2017)
- Groat, E. M., "English expletives: A minimalist approach", Linguistic Inquiry, 26(2), pp.354~365 (1995)
- Huddleston, R., "The Cambridge grammar of the English language" (2002), Cambridge University Press
- Kaltenböck, G., "It-extraposition and non-extraposition in English: A study of syntax in spoken and written texts" (2004), Purdue University Press
- Kim, J.-B., "Korean phrase structure grammar" (2004), Hankuk Publishing
- 김종복, "Subject and Object Extraposition in English: Corpus Findings and A Constraint-Based Approach", 생성문법연구, 15(2), pp.145~164 (2005), 한국생성문법학회
- 김종복, "English Object Extraposition and Constraint Satisfaction", 어학연구, 41(4), pp.855~880 (2005), 언어교육원
- 김종복, "Grammatical Interfaces in English Object Extraposition", 언어연구, 25(3), pp.117~131 (2008), 언어정보연구소[DOI]
- Kim, J.-B., "English object extraposition: A constraint-based approach", Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Head-Driven Phrase Structure Grammar, pp.192~212 (2005), CSLI Publications
- Kim, J.-B., "English syntax: An introduction" (2008), CSLI Publications
- Lee, S.-H., "Factors at play in extraposing English relative clauses", doctor, pp.2017
- 이승한, "English Sentential Subject Extraposition: Toward a ‘How Far' and ‘Why' View", 언어학, 25(3), pp.69~91 (2017), 대한언어학회[DOI]
- Miller, P., "Discourse constraints on (non) extraposition from subject in English", Linguistics, 39(4), pp.683~702 (2001)
- Quirk, R., "A comprehensive grammar of the English language" (1985), Longman
- Reeve, M., "The syntactic structure of English clefts", Lingua, 121(2), pp.142~171 (2011)
- Sag, I. A., "Syntactic theory: A formal introduction" (2003), CSLI Publications
- Smolka, V., "Non-extraposed subject clauses", Theory and Practice in English Studies 3: Proceedings from the Eighth Conference of British, American and Canadian Studies, pp.137~143 (2005), Masarykova Univerzita
- Wasow, T., "Postverbal behavior" (2002), CSLI Publications
- Zhang, G., "It is suggested that. . . or it is better to. . . ? Forms and meanings of subject it-extraposition in academic and popular writing", Journal of English for Academic Purposes, 20, pp.1~13 (2015)