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사이버성범죄 피해 대응유형 결정요인 연구

Determinants of Responses to Cyber Sexual harassment and Sexual Violence Victimization

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초록

이 연구는 사이버성범죄 피해자들의 대응유형 결정에 영향을 주는 요인을 확인하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 성범죄 피해대응결정에 영향을 미친다고 알려는 요인들이 사이버 성범죄 피해대응유형 결정에 주는 영향력을 확인하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 국가인권위원회에서 실시한 「온라인 성희롱, 성폭행 및 여성혐오 실태조사 2018」 데이터를 활용하여 221명을 대상으로 분석을 진행하였다. 분석 결과, 사이버성범죄 피해빈도, 후유증, 가해자-피해자와의 관계, 성역할고정관념, 연령이 대응유형결정과 관련이 있는 변수로 확인되었다. 대응을 하지 않은 피해자들과 비교했을 때 피해빈도가 높고, 후유증이 심하고, 가해자가 모르는 사람이고, 피해자들이 낮은 성역할 고정관념을 가진 경우 적극적인 대응을 결정하였다. 소극적인 대응결정과 적극적인 대응결정을 구분하는 영향 요인을 살펴본 결과, 피해빈도가 높을수록, 가해자가 모르는 사람일수록, 피해자의 성역할 고정관념이 낮을수록 소극적 대응이 아닌 적극적 대응을 선택하는 것으로 확인되었다. 또한 수사기관에 신고를 했다고 응답한 피해자들은 연령이 낮고, 피해빈도가 높고, 가해자가 모르는 사람이고, 피해자의 성역할 고정관념이 낮은 것으로 확인되었다. 이상의 연구 결과를 바탕으로 사이버성범죄 피해자들의 적극적인 대응을 유도할 수 있는 정책적 대안을 제시하였다.

Abstract

The current study aims to examine the types of responses by women to sexual harassment and violence in cyber space and the determinants of those types. Theoretical explanation attempts that were found to be useful in interpreting the response types of crime victims and factors that were known to affect the decision to respond to sexual crimes in prior studies to determine the impact of factors on the type of response to cyber sex crime. As a result of the analysis, the frequency of cyber sex crime damage, aftereffects, the relationship between the perpetrator and the victim, gender stereotypes, and age were identified as variables related to the determination of the type of response. Compared to the victims who did not respond, If the frequency of damage was high, the aftereffects were severe, the offender was unknown, and victims had low gender role stereotypes, then victims decided to actively respond. Looking at the factors that distinguish passive response decisions from active response decisions, it was confirmed that the higher the frequency of damage, the less the perpetrator knows, the lower the stereotype of the victim's gender role, the more he chooses an active response, not a passive response. It was also confirmed that the victims who responded that they reported to the investigative agency were of low age, high frequency of damage, unknown to the perpetrator, and low stereotypes of the victim's gender role. Based on the findings, we will discuss ways to increase the reporting rate of victims of cyber sexual crimes.

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