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조직 구성원의 개인-환경 부합과 정직성이 직장 내 일탈행동에 미치는 영향

The Effects of Person-Environment Fit and Honestyon Workplace Deviance

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참고문헌

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초록

이 연구의 첫 번째 목적은 국내 기업에서 직장 내 일탈행동을 나타내는 구성요인들을 실증적으로 파악하여 측정척도를 개발하는 것이었다(연구 1). 두 번째 목적은 다양한 형태의 개인-환경 부합(개인-조직, 개인-부서, 개인-직무, 개인-상사 부합)과 정직성이 직장 내 일탈행동에 미치는 영향을 살펴보고, 정직성이 개인-환경 부합과 직장 내 일탈행동 간의 관계를 조절하는지를 알아보는 것이었다(연구 2). 연구 1에서는 먼저 문헌조사를 통해 문항을 수집하고, 현직자 30명을 대상으로 개방형 설문조사와 집단면접을 실시하여 국내기업 상황에 적합한 문항들을 추가로 수집하였다. 중복 또는 유사 문항에 대한 검토와 적절성 평정을 통해 문항들을 제외한 후, 총 60개 문항을 사용하여 199명의 현직자들로부터 얻은 자료에 대해 탐색적 요인분석을 실시하여 3개의 요인(비정직 행동, 규정위반 행동, 신체적 및 언어적 폭력행동)이 적절함을 발견하였다. 208명의 다른 현직자들을 대상으로 확인적 요인분석을 실시하여 3개 요인구조의 타당성을 검증하였다. 연구 2에서는 371명의 현직자들을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하여 자료를 수집하였다. 연구 결과, 개인-환경 부합의 다양한 형태인 개인-조직 부합, 개인-부서 부합, 개인-직무 부합, 개인-상사 부합과 정직성은 모두 직장 내 일탈행동과 유의한 부적 상관을 나타내었다. 다차항 회귀분석과 반응표면 분석을 사용하여 개인-환경 부합과 직장 내 일탈행동 간의 관계를 분석한 결과도 대체로 유사하게 나타났다. 개인-조직 부합과 직장 내 일탈행동 간의 관계에서 정직성의 조절효과는 유의하지 않았지만, 개인-부서 부합, 개인-직무 부합, 개인-상사 부합과 직장 내 일탈행동 간의 관계에서는 정직성의 조절효과가 유의하였다. 마지막으로 이러한 연구 결과를 토대로 연구의 시사점과 제한점, 추후 연구과제에 대해서 논의하였다.

Abstract

The first purpose of this study was to identify components of Korean workplace deviance and develop a measurement scale(Study 1). The second purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of a variety of person-environment fit (person-organization, person-group, person-job, and person-supervisor fit) and honesty on workplace deviance and testify the moderating effect of honesty in the relationship between these person-environment fits and workplace deviance(Study 2). In Study 1, we collected workplace deviance items by literature review, open-ended questionnaire, and group interview. After deleting overlapped, similar, and inappropriate items, we finalized 60 items of workplace deviance. We performed the exploratory factor analysis using data from 199 job incumbents and found three factors of workplace deviance: dishonesty behavior, rule-violating behavior, and physical or verbal violence. Then we validated the three-factor structure by the confirmatory factor analysis using a different sample of 208 job incumbents. In Study 2, a total of 371 employees in work organizations were surveyed in order to examine the effects of a variety of person-environment fit and honesty on workplace deviance and testify the moderating effect of honesty in the relationship between these person-environment fits and workplace deviance. The results showed person-organization fit, person-group fit, person-job fit, person-supervisor fit, and honesty were negatively related to workplace deviance. The relationship between person-environment fits and workplace deviance were similar to the previous results when we applied polynomial regression and response surface methodology. Although honesty didn't moderate the relationship between person- organization fit and workplace deviance, honesty moderated the relationships between three different person-environment fits(person-group fit, person-job fit, and person-supervisor fit) and workplace deviance. Based on these results, the implication and limitation of this study and the direction for future research were discussed.

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