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조종사의 안전행동을 예측하는 조직의 안전문화와 개인의 안전태도 및 안전동기 간의 관계: 공군 부대와 조종사를 대상으로 한 다층자료 분석

Linking organizational safety culture and individual safety attitude and motivation to pilot safety behavior: A multi-level analysis of the Republic of Korea Air Force air units and pilots

이경수|손영우|한정원|박찬신
한국산업및조직심리학회 (Korean Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology)|2009.02|한국심리학회지: 산업 및 조직 (Korean Journal of Industrial and Organizational Psychology)|제22권 제1호|pp. 109-129|DOI 10.24230/ksiop.22.1.200902.109

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참고문헌

키워드

안전행동safety behaviormulti-level analysis안전태도safety attitude안전문화다층자료분석안전동기safety motivationsafety culture조종사air-force pilot
주제분류심리과학

초록

본 연구는 조종사 개인이 가진 안전태도와 안전동기, 그리고 개인이 속한 조직의 안전문화가 안전행동에 어떤 영향을 미치는지 알아보았다. 이를 위해 공군 13개 비행대대에 소속된 202명의 조종사들을 대상으로 안전태도, 안전동기, 안전문화, 안전행동을 측정하는 설문조사를 실시하였다. 먼저 개인 수준의 변인들(안전태도와 안전동기)과 안전행동과의 관계를 분석하였고, 집단 수준의 변인(안전문화)이 앞에서 밝혀진 개인 수준의 변인들 간의 관계에 어떠한 영향을 미치는 지 살펴보았다. 개인 변인들 간의 관계는 위계적 회귀분석을 통해 매개효과를 검증하였고, 개인이 속한 집단 변인의 조절효과를 살펴보기 위해 다층자료분석을 하였다. 분석결과에 따르면 조종사의 개인 변수인 안전태도와 안전동기, 안전행동은 상호 정적인 관련이 있고 안전동기가 안전태도와 안전행동 간의 관계를 부분 매개하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 집단 변수인 안전문화가 개인 변수인 안전태도가 안전동기에 미치는 영향을 조절하는 것으로 나타났다. 즉, 조직의 안전문화가 높을수록 개인의 안전태도가 안전동기에 미치는 영향이 작아지는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구의 결과는 항공 사고와 밀접하게 연관된 조종사 개인의 안전행동에 대한 기존 연구에서 제공하지 못했던 개인-조직 간의 관계를 규명한 의의를 가진다.

Abstract

This study examined the relationship between organizational safety culture and individual safety attitude, motivation, and behavior by surveying a sample of 202 pilots in 13 Republic of Korea Air Force air units. At the individual level of analysis, the relationships between three individual factors were explored using a hierarchical linear regression. Safety attitude was positively associated with safety motivation and behavior. Furthermore, safety motivation partially mediated the relationship between safety attitude and behavior. This study also explored cross-level relationships between organizational safety culture and the individual-level factors using a multi-level analysis. Safety culture of air units moderated the relationship between safety attitude and safety motivation. In other words, the higher organizational safety culture, the less individual safety attitude influences on safety motivation. Of significance in this research is determining the multi-level influence on pilot safety behavior that has been explored in limited research.

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