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최고경영자의 연설문에 나타난 심리적 단어사용과 조직 맥락 간의 관계: 포스코 사례에 대한 K-LIWC분석

The Relationships between Organizational Context and CEO’s Use of Psychological Words in Speeches: The Application of K-LIWC to POSCO Case

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주제분류심리과학

초록

포스코 창립자인 박태준 명예회장의 재직 당시의 주요 연설문(신년사, 창립기념사, 송년사)을 K-LIWC라는 언어분석프로그램을 통해 내용 분석함으로써, 조직 맥락과 최고경영자의 심리적 단어 사용 간의 관계를 살펴보았다. 특히 중요사건의 수와 조직의 발달 단계라는 두 가지 맥락과 리더의 심리적 단어 사용의 관계를 통계적으로 검증해봄으로써, 리더십 연구에서 간과되어 왔던 조직 맥락의 중요성을 확인해보았다. 분석결과, 중요 사건의 수가 증가할수록 긍정 정서 단어와 부정 정서 단어 모두를 더 많이 사용하는 것으로 나타났다. 조직 성장 단계에 대한 분석결과에서는 최고경영자는 도약기에 비해 창업기와 본격 성장기에 정서 및 사회적 과정과 관련된 심리적 단어를 보다 많이 사용한 것으로 나타났다. 이들 연구결과들은 뛰어난 최고경영자는 연설문을 통한 구성원들과의 의사소통에 있어서 조직맥락의 변화를 주시하며 심리적 단어들의 사용빈도를 적절하게 조율하는 특성을 보임을 시사해준다. 마지막으로 본 연구의 의의와 제한점에 대해 논의하였다.

Abstract

This study examined the relationships between organizational context and the chief executive officer (CEO)’s psychological statements. To this end, using a linguistic analysis program of K-LIWC, content analyses were conducted on three major speeches-the New Year’s addresses, the founding day addresses, and the year-ending farewell Address-which had been presented between 1969 and 1992 by the founder and chief executive officer of POSCO. This study analyzed two kinds of organizational context; the number of critical events within and outside the organization and the three stages of organizational development. With respect to the number of critical events measured as one aspect of organizational context, it was found that the greater the number of critical events, the more the CEO used words with both positive emotion and negative emotion. In relations to the organizational development stage measured as another aspect of organizational context, psychological statements related to both emotional and social processes were made significantly more often during the entrepreneurial stage and growth stage compared to the expansion stage. The findings suggest that the outstanding CEO tend to adjust the use of psychological words according to the change in organizational context in communicating with organization members through speeches. Finally, the theoretical and practical implications and limitations of the current study were discussed.

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