팀 업무 수행과 보상의 유관성 수준이 사회적 태만 행동에 미치는 효과
The Effects of Contingent Relationship Magnitude between Pay and Performance on Social Loafing Behaviors
0
조회
0
다운로드
6
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
본 연구의 목적은 강화의 유관성 수준이 사회적 태만 행동에 미치는 효과를 검증하는 것이었으며, 추가적으로 강화의 유관성 수준에 따른 지각된 분배 공정성의 차이를 검증하였다. 본 연구의 목적을 달성하기 위하여 C대학에 재학 중인 64명의 대학생을 대상으로 ABC/ACB 역균형 혼합 요인 설계가 적용되었다(A단계: 개인 수행에 따른 유관성 높은 강화 조건, B단계: 팀 수행에 따른 개인의 유관성 높은 강화 조건, C단계: 팀 수행에 따른 개인의 유관성 낮은 강화 조건). 전체 참가자들은 총 12회기의 실험에 참가하였으며, 브레인스토밍을 통한 아이디어 개발 과제를 실시하였다. 종속변인은 브레인스토밍 과업에서 팀별 참가자들의 아이디어 제공 빈도의 합계와 지각된 분배 공정성이었다. 본 연구의 결과, 실험 조건별 강화 유관성 수준에 따라 팀 아이디어 제공 빈도에 있어서 유의미한 차이가 있었으며, 팀 수행에 따른 개인의 유관성 높은 강화 조건(B단계)에서 수행이 가장 높은 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 팀 수행에 따른 개인의 유관성 낮은 강화(C단계)가 제공되었을 경우에는 개별적으로 과업을 수행하는 경우(A단계)보다 수행이 낮아지는 사회적 태만이 발생하였다. 그러나 추가적으로 실시된 강화의 유관성 수준에 따른 분배 공정성의 차이는 ABC/ACB실험 조건에 따라 혼재된 결과가 나타났다.
Abstract
The main purpose of this study was to compare the effects of contingent relationship magnitude between pay and performance on social loafing behaviors and perception of the distributive justice. Sixty-four college students were applied in an ABC/ACB counter-balancing mixed factorial design(A: the high contingent relationship magnitude between pay and performance on individual performance, B: the high contingent relationship magnitude between pay and performance on team performance, C: the low contingent relationship magnitude between pay and performance on team performance), each participant attended 12 sessions in total. For this study, a brainstorming task was developed. The dependent variable was the sum of total idea frequency in the brainstorming task and the perception of the distributive justice. Analyses showed that each condition of contingent relationship magnitude between pay and performance had effectiveness in team idea frequency and perceived distributive justice. Result indicated that teamwork was better than individual work on performance. Also, the result suggested that social loafing behaviors or perception of the distributive justice could be effected depend upon the extent to which how the contingent relationship magnitude between pay and performance on team performance.
참고문헌 (31)
- Ambrose, M. L., "Organization structure as a moderator of the relationship between procedural justice, interactional justice, perceived organizational support, and supervisory trust", Journal of Applied Psychology, 88, pp.295~305 (2003)
- Berkovits, S. M., "Effects of individual and group contingency interventions on attendance in adolescent part-time employees", Journal of Organizational Behavior Management, 32(2), pp.152~161 (2012)
- Brown, N., "The effects of a group reinforcement contingency on staff use of unscheduled sick leave", Journal of Organizational Behavior Management, 10, pp.3~17 (1990)
- Cohen, S. G., "A Predictive Model of Self-Managing Work Team Effectiveness", Human Relations, 49(5), pp.643~676 (1996)
- Colquitt, J. A., "Justice at the millennium : A meta-analytic review of 25 years of organizational justice research", Journal of Applied Psychology, 86, pp.425~445 (2001)
- Conrad, C., "Strategic organizational communication: Toward the twenty-first century (3rd ed.)" (1994), Harcourt Brace College
- Cormier, W. H., "Interviewing strategies for helpers: Fundamental skills and cognitive behavioral interventions", pp.1991, Brooks
- Cummings, T. G., "Designing effective work groups" (1981), Oxford
- Davis, J, H., "Group performance" (1969), Addison-Wesley
- Dunn, O. J., "Multiple comparisons among means", Journal of the American Statistical Association, 56, pp.52~64 (1961)
- George, J. M., "Asymmetrical effects of rewards and punishments : The case of social loafing", Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 68, pp.327~338 (1995)
- Harkins, S. G., "Social loafing and social facilitation", Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 23, pp.1~18 (1987)
- Harkins, S. G., "The role of evaluation in eliminating social loafing", Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 11, pp.457~465 (1985)
- Harkins, S. G., "The Effects of Task Difficulty and Task Uniqueness on Social Loafing", Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 43, pp.1214~1229 (1982)
- Jones, G. R., "Task visibility, free riding and shirking : Explaining the effect of structure and technology on employee behavior", Academy of Management Review, 9, pp.684~695 (1984)
- Karau, S. J., "Social loafing : A meta-analytic review and theoretical integration", Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 65(4), pp.681~706 (1993)
- Kernan, M. C., "Survivor Reactions to Reorganization : Antecedents and Consequences of Procedural, Interpersonal, and Informational Justice", Journal of Applied Psychology, 87(5), pp.916~928 (2002)
- Kozlowski, S. W., "Work groups and teams in organizations, In Handbook of psychology: Industrial and organizational psychology Vol. 12", pp.333~375 (2003), Wiley
- Kravitz, D. A., "Ringelmann Redicovered : The Original Article", Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 50(5), pp.936~941 (1986)
- Latane, B., "Many hands make light the work : The causes and consequences of social loafing", Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 37, pp.823~832 (1979)
- Lawler, E. E., III., "Strategic pay : Aligning organizational strategies and pay systems" (1990), Jossey-Bass
- Lepine, J. A., "Adaptability to changing task contexts : Effects of general cognitive ability, conscientiousness, and openness to experience", Personnel Psychology, 53, pp.563~593 (2000)
- Liden, R. C., "Social loafing : A field investigation", Journal of Management, 30(2), pp.285~304 (2004)
- Muchinsky, P. M., "Psychology Applied to Work(9rd ed. )" (2009), Hypergraphic Press
- Myers, J. L., "Research design and statistical analysis(2rd ed. )" (2003), Lawrence Erlbaum Associates
- Niehoff, B. P., "Justice as a mediator of the relationship between methods of monitoring and organizational citizenship behavior", Academy of Management Journal, 36, pp.527~556 (1993)
- Osborn, A. F., "Applied Imagination : Principles and Procedures of Creative Problem-Solving(third ed. )" (1979), Charles Scribner’s Sons
- Shepperd, J. A., "Individual contributions to a collective effort : An incentive analysis", Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 15, pp.141~149 (1989)
- Trent, R. J., "Organizational Design Research Project" (2003), Lehigh University
- Williams, K. D., "Social Loafing and Social Compensation : The Effects of Expectations of Co-Worker Performance", Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 61(4), pp.570~581 (1991)
- Wisner, P. S., "Does teaming pay off?", Strategic Finance, 82, pp.58~64 (2001)