懿旨와 諭旨, 19세기 전반 淸朝 皇位 繼承방식의 變容
Changes in the style of succession to the throne in the 19th century during the Qing Dynasty
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The purpose of this article is to analyze the succession process of the throne in the first half of the 19th century and to identify differences in the secretly deciding the heir to the emperor prepared by the emperor Yongzheng, and examine its meaning. In particular, I paid attention to the edict of an empress and another imperial edict. First, when the Emperor Daoguang ascended to the throne, he faced a chaotic situation, because he could not find the secret documents left by his father. The document was written by the emperor Jiaqing in the name of his successor. Due to the absence of documents, it was difficult to find justification for the emperor Daoguang to ascend the throne. For this reason, the Empress provided the justification by writing her edict. This is different from the original form made by the emperor Yongzheng. In the process, the empress's original political influence was revealed. Next, what I noticed in the process of Emperor Xianfeng's ascension was an edict that said his father would confer a title on his younger brother, Yi xin. This was different in both form and content from the original form of the secretly deciding the heir to the emperor. I hypothesized that the emperor Daoguang had prepared alternatives considering his son's age, political experience and capabilities. In the first half of the 19th century, the process of succession to the emperor in the Qing Dynasty was different and transformed into a style created by the emperor Yongzheng. The reason was that these changes were necessary in order to lead the enthronement of the next emperor and to maintain stable politics.
Abstract
The purpose of this article is to analyze the succession process of the throne in the first half of the 19th century and to identify differences in the secretly deciding the heir to the emperor prepared by the emperor Yongzheng, and examine its meaning. In particular, I paid attention to the edict of an empress and another imperial edict. First, when the Emperor Daoguang ascended to the throne, he faced a chaotic situation, because he could not find the secret documents left by his father. The document was written by the emperor Jiaqing in the name of his successor. Due to the absence of documents, it was difficult to find justification for the emperor Daoguang to ascend the throne. For this reason, the Empress provided the justification by writing her edict. This is different from the original form made by the emperor Yongzheng. In the process, the empress's original political influence was revealed. Next, what I noticed in the process of Emperor Xianfeng's ascension was an edict that said his father would confer a title on his younger brother, Yi xin. This was different in both form and content from the original form of the secretly deciding the heir to the emperor. I hypothesized that the emperor Daoguang had prepared alternatives considering his son's age, political experience and capabilities. In the first half of the 19th century, the process of succession to the emperor in the Qing Dynasty was different and transformed into a style created by the emperor Yongzheng. The reason was that these changes were necessary in order to lead the enthronement of the next emperor and to maintain stable politics.
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