『滿洲源流考』의 전거자료와 발해 강역에 대한 서술태도

Abstract

The aim of this study is to analyze the historical sources and descriptions of Manchuwonryugo(滿洲源流考). For this, its editing background and historical materials for citation were analyzed. Specifically, this paper investigated the historical value of Manchuwonryugo by reviewing the narrative characteristics of Balhae’s territory and geographical features. Manchuwonryugo is a historical series comprised of 20 books, which examined the eternal and glorious history of Manchuria(滿洲) through analysis of the Manchu people. The outline was formed by citing a total of 79 books of historical materials. Using nearly 1,800 notes, the historical veracity of the contents was confirmed. In addition, approximately 50 historical theories were added in the middle or end of each book. In terms of ‘Ethnic(部族)’ subset, the ‘Dong Yi(東夷)’ people from ‘suksin(肅愼)’ to the ‘Wanan Clan(完顔氏)’ were examined. Regarding ‘Territory(疆域)’ and ‘Nature(山川)’, the areas where they had lived were investigated. Regarding ‘National Manners and Customs(國俗)’, their diverse culture was examined. Despite such thorough investigation based on the evidential research of the Qing Dynasty(淸朝), logical inconsistencies such as geographical maladministration of Balhae’s administrative districts have been found. Balhae’s foundation site, ‘Dong Mou Mountain(東牟山)’, was wrongly recorded as ‘Tianzhu Mountain(天柱山)’ near Shenyang(瀋陽). In addition, the ‘Gyeru Area(桂樓故地)’ became the ‘Eupru Area(挹婁故地)’. Furthermore, ‘Tianmenling(天門嶺)’ and ‘Niha(泥河)’, a national border between Balhae(渤海) and Silla(新羅), were recorded as Chengde County(承德縣) and Liaoyang(遼陽), respectively. It was also written that Junggyeong-hyeondeokbu(中京顯德府) was established in Liaoyang, and Pyongyang(平壤), the capital of Goguryeo(高句麗), was founded in the place where Anwonbu(安遠府) was established. As a result, it recorded that logical inconsistencies of ancient korean history mostly originated from Liaohe(遼河), the western part of Manchuria. The theory of the existence of the Silla Dynasty and Baekje Dynasty in the mainland of China was also formed in this manner. This theory was demonstrated based on the fact that ‘Gyelim(鷄林, Jilin)’ and ‘Gillim(吉林, Jilin)’ have a similar phoneme under cultural similarities, but this study failed to provide sufficient grounds to prove that the two ancient states actually existed in Jilin. This study thoroughly investigated the historical truth of Manchuwonryugo by referring to numerous literature records including the Twenty-Four Histories. Due to historical errors such as the Concept of Dong Yi-based historical consciousness and geographical maladministration based on subjective understanding, there should be acute judgement of historical materials in order to verify and utilize their values.