燕行에서 中國 書畵 流入 경로

Abstract

This study is aimed at reviewing the introduction Channels of Chinese paintings through the tribute missions to Beijing in Joseon Dynasty. It’s focus on the routes of human and places to buy Chinese paintings and writings during the tribute mission of Korean envoys. The official interpreters of Joseon imported the Chinese antiques directly with linguistic facility. Xuban(序班) was an exclusive agent of Chinese art works at the lodgment in Beijing. Guanfu(館夫) was an ordinary tradesman dealt with daily use goods including art works to the Korean envoys. It’s important thing to clinch a deal with Guanfu, especially for the traders of Joseon. Xuban and Gwanbu played brokers to trade Chinese paintings and writings, while the Korean envoys were applied the passage reservations of the Beijing lodgment. Xiucai(秀才), who passed the imperial examination at the county level, was a door-to-door salesman of Chinese art works at the lodgments of Korean envoys in Shanhai-guan(山海關), Yitian-xian(玉田縣), Fengren-xian(豊潤縣) and Tongzhou(通州). Sometimes they took family heirlooms to sell because of their poverty. The places where Korean envoys purchased the Chinese paintings and writings were the lodgments of Korean envoys, Liulichang(琉璃廠), Longfusi(隆福寺) in Beijing and painting stores in the itinerary. Liulichang was the cultural street with old books and art works in Beijing, known as famous antique stores by many foreign envoys including the Korean envoys. But genuine works from the pre-Qing Dynasty were extremely rare at Chinese painting stores. According to Park Ji-won, some of them copied the original works such as writings and paintings of Wang Xi-zhi, Yan Zhen-qing, Gu Kai-zhi, Liu Tan-wei, Wu Dao-zhi and Yan Li-ben. Longfusi was a temple market of antiques, the western goods and pictures. The catholic churches especially were important places to get the world maps, western astronomical instruments and paintings. The Korean envoys who visited the priests of the catholic churches had a chance to understand the unknown world besides China.