한국판 대상관계질문지 타당화 연구
Validation study of Korean Version of Object Relations Inventory
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본 연구에서는 대상관계에 대한 자기보고식 측정도구인 대상관계질문지(OR Inventory)의 신뢰도와 타당도를 검증하고자 하였다. 연구 1에서는 대상관계질문지의 신뢰도 및 요인구조를 확인하고, 한국판 요인점수 산출 방식을 도출하기 위해 416명의 대학생 및 대학원생을 대상으로 대상관계질문지를 실시하였다. 그 결과, 대상관계질문지의 Crohnbach α계수, 반분신뢰도(Spearman-Brown) 및 문항-요인점수간 상관이 비교적 우수한 편으로, 내적 일관성이 있음을 보여주었고, 검사-재검사 신뢰도(3주 후)도 비교적 우수한 편으로, 시간적 안정성이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 요인분석 결과, Bell 등의 연구(1986)에서 나타난 미국판 대상관계질문지의 요인구조와 유사하게 불안정 애착, 사회적 무능력, 소외 및 자아중심성의 4개 요인이 추출되었고, 아울러 대상관계질문지 한국판 요인점수 산출을 위한 요인점수 계수가 도출되었다. 연구 2에서는 대상관계질문지의 공존타당도를 확인하기 위하여 대학생 240명에게 대상관계질문지를 실시하여, 연구 1에서 도출된 한국판 요인점수 계수를 적용하여 요인점수를 산출하였으며, 이 하위 요인점수들와 성인애착 유형(애착-의존, 애착-불안, 애착-친밀), 사회성 부족, 정신분열성 성격 장애 및 자기중심성 등을 측정하는 검사들 간의 상관을 보았다. 그 결과, 해당 검사들 간에 중간 정도에서 강한 정도의 정적 상관을 보여 주었다. 이상과 같은 결과는 한국판 대상관계질문지가 대상관계라는 구성개념을 신뢰롭고 적절하게 반영하는 심리측정적 속성을 지니고 있다는 것을 시사한다. 끝으로, 본 연구의 의의와 제한점, 그리고 앞으로의 연구를 위한 몇 가지 제안점들을 제시하였다.
Abstract
This study was attempted to validate self-report measurement, Object Relations Inventory(OR Inventory). Study 1, to confirm reliability and factory structure of OR Inventory and to gain Korean factor score coefficient, OR Inventory were administered to 416 undergraduate & graduate students. In the results, Crohnbach α coefficient, split half reliability coefficient(Spearman-Brown), and item-factor score correlation of OR Inventory were found to have acceptably high, and the 3-week interval test-retest reliability coefficient of OR Inventory was reasonably high. Therefore, internal consistency and the stability over time OR Inventory were ascertained. In the results of factor analysis, like the structure of English version of Object Relations Inventory in Bell et al's validation study(1985), four factors of insecure attachment, social incompetence, alienation, and egocentricity were extracted, and factor score coefficient matrix of OR Inventory was put out. In study 2, to confirm concurrent validity of K-OR Inventory, the scales measuring schizoid personality disorder, self-centricity, sociality deficiency, attachment-dependence, attachment-anxious, and attachment-close with the K-OR Inventory were administered to 240 undergraduate students. K-OR Inventory factors score applying factor score coefficient of K-OR Inventory put out in study 1 were gained, the correlations between these K-OR Inventory factor scores and corresponding the measures were found to be moderate to almost high positive. The above results show that K-OR Inventory has good psychometric properties as a measure of object relations. The implications and limitations of this study were discussed along with some suggestions for the further study.
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