Обучение русскому языку как иностранному в аспекте межкультурного образования

Abstract

This article is devoted to the problem of teaching Russian language to foreigners in the aspect of intercultural education in terms of the language environment. Teaching Russian language to foreigners in the Buryat state University is based on the three didactic dominant: ethno-cultural component of the socio-cultural aspect, cross-cultural aspect. In accordance with this learning process is implemented in three areas: 1) update and correction the current knowledge of the Russian language personality. Formation of ethno-cultural component of communicative competence includes the study of the Russian mentality and correction invalid prevailing stereotypes about Russians, studying the value orientations, that are important for speakers of Russian language and culture; 2) a message about previously unknown cultural and pragmatic knowledge about the Russian language community. (modus of behavior and ways of its expression, gestures and speech etiquette formulas). It is assumed selection and presentation of the educational process information about national-cultural specificity of speech communication of the Russian language personality to ensure the communicative competence of foreign students; 3) the deliberate comparison of the similarities and differences of Russian and culture in intercultural communication and identification of difficulties in understanding. Contexts of intercultural contacts are infinitely variable and vary its content depending on the situation of communication. Therefore, it is requires understanding the exact meaning of the values socio-cultural phenomena language and «transposition» of new concepts in the consciousness of the student with every foreign word, having extra-linguistic knowledge. The model of understanding of the foreign culture in intercultural communication is a cognitive model of the real world. It goes through perception of the new notions, decoding their meanings and contents to the conceptualization and interpretation. The efficiency of understanding the intercultural communication depends on the person s level of knowledge in cognitive and behavioral spheres. The authors of textbook «Hello, Buryatia!» tried to develop communicative abilities of foreign students on the basis of regional polycultural situations in the Republic Buryatia and to pass the sense of respect and tolerant attitude to different cultural traditions and religions of peoples in Russia.