시대의 ‘불편한’ 초상, 므첸스크군의 맥베스 부인 : 레스코프의 소설 『므첸스크군(郡)의 맥베스 부인』, 쇼스타코비치의 오페라 『므첸스크군(郡)의 맥베스 부인』, 올드로이드의 영화 『레이디 맥베스』를 중심으로

Abstract

This article studies on the context of the intertextuality of the image of Lady Macbeth around Leskov’s novel Lady Macbeth of Mtsensk District. The intertexual interpretation of Lady Macbeth produces the portrait of the era concerning the woman problem which has been raised as one of the most critical issues of the society in the periods of new changes. The image of Lady Macbeth who has burned up as the incarnation of human desire and has fallen from the pang of conscience, from the novel Lady Macbeth of Mtsensk District (1864) of Nikolai Leskov, through the opera Lady Macbeth of Mtsensk District (1930) of Dmitri Shostakovich to the film Lady Macbeth (2017) of William Oldroyd, has been transformed in the new images of the women which were deeply saturated by the Weltanschauung of their eras. In the Leskov’s novel Lady Macbeth of Mtsensk District the emancipated sexuality and the free desire of Katerina Izmailova who represented the most oppressed social class, women in Russia of the 1860s, imply the awakening of the consciousness of the liberated people breaking the social oppression and moving forward to the liberation and the freedom. The opera Lady Macbeth of Mtsensk District of Shostakovich has changed Katerina from the portrait of the people who were destructively powerful but benighted into the portrait of the awakened modern woman of the 20th century. In the film Lady Macbeth (2017) the portrait of Lady Macbeth painted from the heroine Catherine projects the frustrating reality of the women suffering from the threat of the lie about the end of feminism in the era of the post-feminism. The portrait of each Lady Macbeth who has struggled for her own identity under the violence and oppression of her society shows the shape of the conflict between the social absurdities and the individual desire for the freedom in her era. In this respect interesting is the genealogy of all these Lady Macbeths who have been described by Leskov, Shostakovich and Oldroyd.