근대 한‧중‧일 품사론 형성에서의 ‘言, 詞, 辭, 字’ 개념에 대한 小考

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to examine how the concepts of ‘言, 詞, 辭, 字’ were formed and changed through the process in the formation of word class theory in the modern Korea, China, and Japan. In the case of China, we looked at the relations between 實字(full characters) and 虛字(empty characters), and between 死字(dead charaters) and 活字(living characters). and we examined changes of their meaning and contrasting feature of them and change from 字 to 詞 after 『馬氏文通』(1898). In the case of Japan, we examined differences between 正 and 助, 實 and 虛, 體 and 用, 動 and 靜 in the word class theories of school of national studies. And in subsquent grammar books, we looked at changes of 體 and 用, and ‘言, 詞, 辭’ 3 types word class system. On the other hand we examined change of names of parts of speech, and apperance of 言, and competion of 詞 and 辭, and change of 辭 after defeat in the word class theories of school of western studies. In the case of Korea, we examined relation between 行語, 着語, 助語 of Seong Hyun and 死字, 活字, 虛字 of China. and 實字, 虛字, 半實半虛字 of Choi Sejin, and compared 名, 情, 事 of Jeong Yakyong with word class system of Fujitani Nariakira of Japan. And we found that Korean modern grammar book received 詞, 言, 辭 from concepts of Japanese grammar. We wish that this study will contribute to study about formation and improvement process of word class system in the modern Korean and China and Japan.