제초제 Alachlor 과 살충제 Endosulfan이 무당개구리 (Bombina orientalis) 배아의 생존 및 기형유발에 미치는 영향
Effects of Alachlor and Endosulfan on the Survival and Malformation of Bombina orientalis Embryos
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Abstract
- The chloroacetanilide herbicide alachlor (2 -chloro -2, 6-diethyl -N-(methoxymethyl) -acetanilide) and organochlorine insecticide endosulfan(6,7,8,9,10,10-hexachloro -1,5,5a,6,9,9a-hexahydro -6,9-methano -2,3, 4-benzodioxathiepin -3-oxide)are the highly toxic agricultural chemicals. Bombina orientalis is one of the mostcommon amphibians in the world and comprises a large proportion of their total num-ber. B. orientalis spawns in the farming regions at Spring when the massive applicat-ion of agricultural chemicals occurs. These chemicals in farmland may threaten thereproduction of this frog. Therefore, we examined the embryotoxic and survival effectsof alachlor and endosulfan at various concentrations in B. orientalis embryos. The sur-vival rates of embryos at 312h post fertilization treated with alachlor and endosulfanwere decreased with concentration dependent manner. Also, developmental malforma-tions appeared by alachlor and endosulfan in B. orientalis embryos. The malformationsshowed in order of frequency with bent trunk, tail dysplasia, bent tail, thick-set bodyand ventral blister in alachlor treated embryos. The exposure of endosulfan producednk, bent tail, cephalic dysplasia, ventral blister, and thick-set body. Followingexposure to alachlor and endosulfan the types of malformations were diverse, sugges-ting these chemicals target multiple events in embryonic and larval development inthis species. These results suggested that alachlor and endosulfan were detrimental forsurvival and development of B. orientalis embryos.
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