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인공광 스마트온실에서 광질 및 광강도 제어가 케일 실생묘의 생장에 미치는 영향

Growth of Kale Seedlings Affected by the Control of Light Quality and Intensity under Smart Greenhouse Conditions with Artificial Lights

이재수|이공인|허정욱|김현환
한국환경농학회 (The Korean Society Of Environmental Agriculture)|2017.09|한국환경농학회지 (Agricultural and Environmental Sciences)|제36권 제3호|pp. 193-200|DOI https://doi.org/10.5338/KJEA.2017.36.3.31

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MetabolitesHydroponic cultureLight-Emitting Diodes (LEDs)Artificial light source
주제분류농학

초록

인공광 스마트온실(식물공장) 조건에서 작물의 생장은 주로 외부 환경조건의 변화와 상관없이 형광등이나 특정 파장역의 발광다이오드와 같은 인공광원에 의해 좌우된다. 본 실험에서는 형광등 및 발광다이오드를 활용한 광질 및 광강도제어가 케일 실생묘의 생장 및 물질합성에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 잎이 3~4매 전개한 케일 실생묘는 광강도를 50 및100 μmol/m2/s로 제어한 형광등(FLL 및 FLH구), 적색LEDs (RL 및 RH구), 청색+백색 LEDs (BWL 및 BWH구) 및 청색+적색 LEDs (BRL 및 BRH구) 등 단일 및 혼합광질로 제어하였으며 50일간 담액방식으로 수경재배하였다. 케일지상부 생체중은 광강도 100 μmol/m2/s의 적색, 청색+백색 및 청색+적색의 혼합광 조사구에서 유의하게 증가하였으며, 신초신장은 광강도가 높은 처리구에서 억제되었고 잎내폴리페놀 함량은 증가하였다. 당합성은 광강도 50 μmol/ m2/s에 비해 100 μmol/m2/s 조건의 적색광질에 의해 2배이상 증가하였다. 본 실험을 통하여 인공광 스마트온실 조건에서 특정 파장역의 광질 및 광강도를 제어하면서 작물을 수경재배하는 것은 노지나 온실에서 토경재배하는 관행적 재배방식에 비해 작업효율성을 높이면서 잎의 생장 및 물질합성을 촉진할 수 있다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 금후, 인공광 스마트온실에서 특정 파장역의 LEDs를 인공광원으로 할 때 작물생장을 최대로 유지할 수 있는 적정 광강도에 대한 연구를 수행할 계획이다.

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Plant growth under smart greenhouse (that is plant factory system) conditions of an artificial light type is significantly depending on the artificial light sources such as a fluorescent lamps or Light-Emitting Diodes (LEDs)with specific spectralwavelengths regardless of the outside environmental changes. In this experiment, characteristics on the growth and compound synthesis of kale seedlings affected by light qualities and intensities provided by LEDs were mentioned. METHODS AND RESULTS: The kale seedlings which developed 3~4 true leaves were exposed by fluorescent lamps or LEDs lights of red (R), blue+white (BW), blue+red (BR) with 50 (L) or 100 (H) μmol/m2/s1 photosynthetic photon flux (PPF) under hydroponic culture system of deep flow technique for 50 days. Shoot fresh weight increased under theRH, BWH, andBRHtreatments with higher PPF. Shoot elongation of the seedlings decreased, and polyphenol synthesis promoted by the higher light intensity conditions. Sugar synthesis in the leaveswas above 2 times greater under theRHtreatment of monochromic red light quality with 100 μmol/m2/s1 PPF than 50 μmol/m2/s1 PPF. CONCLUSION: The results show that the control of light quality and intensity in the smart greenhouse conditions with artificial lights significantly affects the growth and compound synthesis in the fresh kale leaves with higher culture efficiency compared to the conventional soil culture under greenhouse or field conditions. Researches on the optimumlight intensities of the LEDswith special spectral wavelengths are necessary for maximum growth and metabolismin the seedlings.

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