질산납이 한 국산 무미양서류의 배아발달에 미치는 영향
The Effects of Lead (II) Nitrate on the Embryo Development in Native Amphibians
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국내에 서식하는 대표적인 무미양서류 중 두꺼비 (Bufo gargarizans), 청개구리 (Hyla japonica), 참개구리 (Rana nigromaculata) 및 무당개구리 (Bombina orientalis)를 대상 으로 각 종의 배아 발달에 미치는 Pb의 효과를 FETAX를 활 용하여 분석한 결과 4종의 배아 모두 Pb의 농도가 증가함에 따라 사망률, 기형율이 증가하고 다양한 기형 양상이 나타났 으며 성장률은 감소하였다. 두꺼비, 청개구리, 참개구리, 무 당개구리의 반수치사농도 (half maximal lethal concentration; LC50)는 각각 0.58, 0.49, 0.52, 0.54 mg L-1를 나타내었고 반 수영향농도 (half maximal effective concentration; EC50)은 각각 0.35, 0.27, 0.30, 0.29 mg L-1을 나타냈다. 기형성지수 (teratogenic index; TI=LC50/EC50)는 두꺼비, 청개구리, 참 개구리 및 무당개구리에서 각각 1.66, 1.81, 1.73, 1.86로 나 타나 무당개구리가 가장 민감한 영향을 나타냈으며 다음으 로 청개구리, 참개구리, 두꺼비 순으로 나타났다. 이는 서로 다른 종이 같은 농도의 오염물질에 노출되었다 하더라도 종 에 따라 차이가 나타날 수 있음을 의미한다. 이상의 결과를 통해 Pb가 무미양서류 4종의 배아 발달에 기형성 물질로 작 용함을 알 수 있었다.
Abstract
An investigation of the effects of Pb for domestic anuran embryos were evaluated with the Frog Embryo Teratogenesis Assay; Xenopus (FETAX). Depending on the species, the difference between the embryo size and the embryonic development time was determined. As a result, mortality and malformation rates were increased, malformation patterns were changed and larval body length were decreased in a dose dependent manner of the Pb. The half maximal lethal concentration (LC50) of the Bufo gargarizans, Hyla japonica, Rana nigromaculata and Bombina orientalis were 0.58, 0.49, 0.52, 0.54 mg L-1, respectively. The half maximal effective concentration (EC50) of the Bufo gargarizans, Hyla japonica, Rana nigromaculata and Bombina orientalis were 0.35, 0.74, 0.30, 0.29 mg L-1, respectively. The teratogenic index (TI) were 1.66 in the Bufo gargarizans, 1.81 in the Hyla japonica, 1.73 in the Rana nigromaculata and 1.86 in the Bombina orientalis, respectively. Therefore, the Pb seems likely to have a teratogenic effect in all four species’ embryonic development. The Bombina orientalis was the most sensitive to the Pb. This means that the difference between the different species, even if they have all been exposed to the same concentration of pollutants depending on the species. The result above show that the Pb acts as a teratogenic agent in the development of the four domestic frog species.
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