국내 분리 토마토반점위조바이러스의 저항성 판별을 위한 생물검정법 개발
Development of a bioassay for screening of resistance to Tomato spotted wilt virus isolate from Korea
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초록
토마토반점위조바이러스 (TSWV)는 고추, 토마토 등 경제적으로 중요한 작물에 심각한 피해를 주는 바이러스들 중 한 종이다. TSWV의 넓은 기주범위, 매개충인 총채벌레 방제의 어려움 및 TSWV의 효과적인 치료제가 없기 때문에, 저항성 품종을 사용하는 것이 TSWV를 예방하는 가장 효과적인 수단이 될 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 토마토에서 분리된 TSWV 분리주 (SW-TO2)의 유전학적·생물학적 특성을 구명하고, 최근에 국내에서 분리된 구기자, 머위, 당귀 TSWV 분리주와 비교하였다. 순수분리된 SW-TO2는 28종의 지표식물 중 토마토를 포함한 17종에서 원형반점, 모자이크 증상 등 전신감염 증상을 보였다. SW-TO2의 유전자 계통분석 결과 국내에서 분리된 고추, 구기자 TSWV 분리주와 98~99%의 상동성을 보이며 같은 그룹에 속하였다. TSWV 저항성 평가를 위한 생물검정법을 확립하고, 시판되고 있는 고추와 토마토 품종을 대상으로 4종의 TSWV 분리주에 대한 저항성 평가를 검정하였다. TSWV 저항성 평가는 첫째, 접종엽에 괴사반점 증상이 나타나거나 병징이 없는 경우, 둘째, 상엽에 병징이 없는 경우, 셋째, 상엽을 RT-PCR 진단한 결과 음성이 나왔을 경우 등 3가지 조건이 다 충족될 때 저항성으로 평가하였다.
Abstract
Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) is one of the most destructive viruses worldwide, which causes severe damage to economically important crops, such as pepper and tomato. In this study, we examined the molecular and biological characterization of a TSWV isolate (SW-TO2) infecting tomato and compared it to the recently reported isolates from boxthorn, butterbur, and angelica plants. The phylogenetic analysis based on the complete genome sequences confirmed that SWTO2 was clustered with those of isolates from boxthorn and pepper in Korea with the maximum nucleotide identities ranging from 98% to 99%. We developed the bioassay method for screening TSWV resistance and tested some commercial pepper and tomato cultivars for resistance evaluation of four isolates of TSWV. TSWV resistance was evaluated as TSWV resistance when all the following three conditions were satisfied: first, when symptoms of necrotic spots or no symptoms were present in the inoculated leaves; second, when there were no symptoms in the upper leaves; and third, when the upper leaves were negative as a result of RT-PCR diagnosis.
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