알코올 중독자의 사회적 문제해결 훈련 프로그램의 효과
Efficacy of Social Problem-Solving Training Program for Alcoholics
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본 연구의 목적은 알코올 중독자들의 사회적 문제해결 능력 결함의 양상에 따라서 사회적 문제해결 훈련 프로그램을 개발하여 그 효과를 검증하고자 하였다. 먼저 D'Zurilla와 Nezu(1999)의 문제해결 치료프로그램을 기초로 알코올 중독자를 위한 사회적 문제해결 프로그램을 개발하였다. 프로그램의 실시는 최이순, 박권생(2004)이 분류한 세 가지 유형의 집단에 따라 각 집단별 결함부분 보완에 초점을 맞추어 차별적으로 진행되었다. 피험자는 전반적 결함형 집단 8명, 경미한 결함형 집단 9명, 특정영역 결함형 집단 10명, 비교집단으로 알코올 교육집단 13명과 통제집단에 13명으로 전체 53명이었다. 피험자들은 주 2회 1회당 100분씩 12회기의 훈련에 참여하였다. 훈련 효과를 검증하기 위하여 프로그램 실시 전과 후에 각 1회씩 사회적 문제해결 능력, 단주 효능감 그리고 음주 유혹 검사를 실시하였다. 그 결과는 세 가지 유형 집단이 가진 문제해결 과정의 결함들이 모두 프로그램 실시 후 개선된 것으로 드러났으며, 알코올교육 집단과 통제집단에 비해 사회적 문제해결 능력 또한 향상된 것으로 밝혀졌다. 그리고 단주 자신감과 음주 유혹정도에서 효과가 있었다. 이에 비해 알코올 교육 집단은 음주 유혹의 정도를 줄이는 데만 효과가 있었다. 결론적으로, 본 연구의 결과는 알코올 중독자들의 술 문제를 해결하기 위해서는 사회적 문제해결 훈련이 효과적이며, 알코올 중독자라 할지라도 유사한 특성을 가진 환자 집단을 분류하여 각 유형에 맞추어 개입을 하는 것이 효과를 최대화시킬 수 있음을 시사한다.
Abstract
The main purpose of this study was to develop a program of social problem-solving training and examine its effectiveness for alcoholic inpatients. A differential program of social problem-solving training was developed for each of three types of alcoholic inpatients, based on problem-solving therapy of D'Zurilla and Nezu(1999). In study of Yi Soon Choi & Kwon Saeng Park(2004), three subgroups emerged, which included one group with global deficits(called group 1), another group with mild deficits(group 2), and the other group of focal deficits(group 3). A total of 53 alcoholic inpatients participated in 100 minutes-long programs, twice a week, over 12 sessions. 8 subjects were assigned to group 1 program, 9 to group 2, and 10 to group 3. Each of alcohol educational program and control group consisted of 13 patients. Posttest outcome measures were the same as ones used at the pretest, which includes SPSI-R, AASES (alcohol abstinence self-efficacy scale) and TTDS(temptation to drink scale). The findings revealed that each of groups produced improvement specifically on the deficient parts of its own from the pretest to the posttest. The results also showed that pretest-posttest differences in the three treatment groups were greater than one obtained in either of the alcoholism educational program or control group, which occurred in various areas of abstinence-confidence and drinking temptation. The current findings obtained in this study suggest that the use of social problem-solving training yield better outcomes compared to either of alcohol educational program or nontreatment control group and that benefits from social problem solving training are increased to the substantial amount when the program is customized specifically to patient characteristics by subgroups having different types of problem solving process deficits.
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