습지에서 발생하는 생태계교란야생식물인 물참새피와 털물참새피의 발생특성과 관리방안
Occurrence characteristics and management plans of Paspalum distichum and P. distichum var. indutum
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초록
물참새피와 털물참새피는 주로 물가, 수로 등 습기가 많은 환경을 선호하는 벼과 다년생잡초이다. 두 종 모두 원산지는 북아메리카 지역으로 물참새피는 전 세계적으로 분포하고 있지만, 털물참새피는 미국, 일본, 한국에만 발생한다. 이런 연유로 많은 나라에서는 물참새피와 털물참새피는 같은 종으로 분류하는 경향이다. 두 종은 종자보다는 주로 지하경의 단편 (조각)에 의해 번식하고 확산한다. 이 지하경은 3 cm 이상의 땅속에 매몰되면 출아하지 않는 특성이 있다. 농경지에서 물참새피와 털물참새피의 관리방안으로는 경종적 방제와 화학적 방제를 병행하는 것이 효과적이다. 즉 심경 (deep plowing)이나 써레질을 조합한 경종적 방법으로 논이나 휴경답에 침입한 두 종의 출아를 억제시킬 수 있다. 그 후 출아하는 두 종에 토양처리제인 butachlor, thiobencarb 등이나 경엽처리제인 cyhalofopbutyl, fenoxaprop-p-ethyl 등을 살포하면 방제될 수 있다.
Abstract
Paspalum distichum and P. distichum var. indutum are perennial weeds of the family Poaceae that prefer moist environments such as waterfronts and waterways. The origin of both species is North America. P. distichum is distributed all over the world. However, P. distichum var. indutum occurs only in the United States, Japan, and Korea. For this reason, in many countries, P. distichum and P. distichum var. indutum are classified as the same species. In other words, P. distichum var. indutum is a different ecological type of P. distichum. Both species can reproduce and spread mainly by rhizome fragments rather than seeds. This rhizome has a characteristic that it does not germinate if it is buried in the ground with depth of more than 3 cm. As a management method for P. distichum and P. distichum var. indutum in agricultural lands (paddy fields), it is effective to combine cultural control and chemical control methods. In other words, combining deep plowing and harrowing can suppress the budding of water sparrow that has invaded paddy fields or fallow paddy fields. After that, these two species that germinate can be controlled by spraying soil treatment herbicides such as butachlor and thiobencarb or foliar treatment herbicides such as cyhalofop-butyl and fenoxaprop-ethyl.
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