한나 아렌트 ‘행위(praxis)’에 대한 고찰 : 초등학교 도덕과 교육에 주는 시사

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to seek implications and alternative solutions for Moral education in Elementary school in the course of understanding and interpreting distinction with insights about 'praxis' of Hannah Arendt. Arendt throughly criticized downfall of human actions into a means for conceptualized purposes. He insisted that human oneself should judge one's own action and then, carry out the judgements - human should have firm faith that only one's own will can affect human action. Arendt also suggested the public sphere to prevent implementation of human action based on selfish judgement. Furthermore, she thought that respectable actions should be widely known in the public sphere because she put importance on seeking direction point from historical view by human oneself. She think that to live 'a happy life', one should carry out one's own action based on his own consciousness as much as possible. And to overcome incompleteness of reason, she suggested to realize one's own actions in the public sphere and made one carefully listen to all the stories told by persons related to one's own actions. In opinion of Arendt, if human is equipped with such a condition, human can live a happy life, even though to define happiness is not possible. When Arendt's viewpoint is applied to present Moral education in Elementary school, it can be a common point that an individual and community(the public sphere)all pursue as an eventual purpose. But there are other opinions different from Arendt : there could be conflict relation between an individual and community(the public sphere), and its solution can be suggested in the way of utilitarianism. And in a paragraph where high possibility of conceptualization of life exists as a result of pursuing virtue, it is raised that there is possibility for the students' actions to be limited to scope of means. These two worried points can be overcome if a class becomes moral public sphere and everyone acts in the place of the public sphere, teachers can be a model through his own action which is a purpose itself. In conclusion, 'praxis' of Hannah Arendt can contribute to better Moral education in elementary school.