일본의 교육위원회제도 개혁과 기관구성형태변경에 대한 소고

Abstract

This study is to find the suitable form of composition of institution on educational autonomy. Japan’s reform of education committee concentrates the reinforcement of local government head’s power and violate the political neutrality on educational committee. Nevertheless, Japan’s educational committee achieves the representative system. This essential issue on the political neutrality on educational committee suggests the reform direction of Korea’s composition of institution on educational autonomy. Chapter 2 explains the present condition and structure on Japan’s education committee. It is the representative system of administrative commission and equal status to local government head. This is difference to Korea’s system of form of composition of institution. That is, Japan’s system is multipolar executive government and Korea’s system is dictatorial executive government on local administrative system. Chapter 3 analyzes the history and process of Japan’s educational committee reform. The types of administrative commission are the command system(bureaucratic control system) and supervise system(American school district system). The Abe government will abolish the representative system of educational committee. But the system survives to the last maintaining representative system in spite of creating a broad outline of educational policy and comprehensive educational council. Consequently, Abe government strengthen the government head’s power to educational committee and maybe violate the political neutrality of education. But the committee members’s effort may make the educational committee democratic and neutral if they make the most of the representative system of educational committee. This is implication to Korea’s educational reform of composition of institution.