소액대출의 현황과 향후 발전과제

Abstract

With growing interest in social finance at home and abroad, microcredit that settled in Korea earlier than social finance are being relighted. In Korea, microcredit began in 1999 under the influence of Prof. Muhammad Yunus and Grameen Bank. Later, Microfinance foundation was established by the "Act on the Establishment of Dormant deposits Management Foundation" in 2007, and it spread even more the launch of Korea Inclusive Finance Agency in September 2016 by the "Act on financial life support of common people". Microcredit is not simply funded by the financial vulnerable and others, but it is part of social finance that creates social value and simultaneously generates financial returns. At present, however, microcredit in Korea has the nature of financial welfare because they operate microcredit business in the form of donations such as contributions from financial institutions and dormant deposits. In this case, the microfinance market will inevitably be stagnant unless continuous donations and contributions are raised. Accordingly, Korea Inclusive Finance Agency should expand the scope of support for microcredit loan projects to companies that pursue social value in addition to social enterprises under the "Social Enterprises Promotion Act". Also, a social value measurement system should be developed to allow independent work to Korea Inclusive Finance Agency and to resolve moral hazards over the contributions. In addition, it is necessary to improve the notification of transition to dormant deposits, which are the main source of microcredit in Korea Inclusive Finance Agency, and to allow investment opportunities of Korea Inclusive Finance Agency to raise funds in addition to dormant deposits. Finally, with the expansion of Korea Inclusive Finance Agency, the private microcredit market is shrinking. Thus, by dualizing the private microcredit market and policy microcredit market in order to revitalize the private microcredit market, blue-chip borrowers will have to absorb the private microcredit market and the policy microcredit market will have to move forward in the form of welfare.