근대 이행기 畿湖 道學 系列 儒林의 동향과 현실 대응 - 衛正論的 시각에 주목하여

Abstract

This paper examines the trends of Confucian group of the Kiho Dao Learning lineage among the Confucian intellectuals devoting themselves to protect Confucian ideology during the modern transitional era. Especially, I shall investigate how the logic of adoring Right Learning and Attacking Heresies can be materialized within the lineage of Dao Learning after the mid-19 century, search how derivative debates are unfolded and organize activities of Confucian group in local communities, which are based upon the logic. Even though their group has been diverged in accordance with their academic stances after the mid-19 century, the Confucian intellectuals reaffirm the fundamental ideology of Choson Confucianism and their academic stance and seek the reestablishment of Confucian order. Furthermore, they show the practical attitude toward social environments like Appeal to king and activities of Righteous Armies against the invasion of imperialistic countries. These movements are based on Guarding the Right and Attacking the Wicked. They pay a special attention to a support of Confucian order, which is getting weaken in local communities, and new understanding of Confucian ideology in terms of the perspective on the Guarding the Right. They tries to rectify the conflicts within the Kiho School, which have been raised since the early 19 century, to secure a single directing point of Confucian schools, and to concentrate on proliferation of Confucian ideology in the local communities. By rearranging the main scholars of Kiho school, who were ahead of the Horak Controversy, at that time, main figures in the Kiho school tries to rebuild the scholastic lineage in order to solve the problems derived from the Controversy. By strengthening the new understanding of the lineage, they tries to set up unified directing point in the Confucian group. However, because of their different interpretation and succession to Yulgok’s theories, they reproduced metaphysical debate on human nature and exposed certain limitations in their academic efforts to establishment of the Right Learning. Nevertheless, their common perspective on the establishment of the Right Learning leads to reaffirmation of Confucian ideology in local communities and shares the same stances on activities of materializing the ideology. In order to maintain the Confucian ideology, they try to unfold educational activities. Based upon this, they concentrate on rebuilding local academies and publishing the complete works written by their colleagues and friends in order not only to expand Confucian ideology but also to reproduce Confucian scholars.