니체는 왜 기독교를 탄핵했나?

Abstract

This paper aims to understand Nietzsche's critique of Christianity as part of his critique of morality and as the final result of his moral naturalism. To this end, this paper pay attention to the layered nature of his critique of morality and the normative implications contained in his moral philosophy. These discussions show that his critique of Christianity is not an expression of his own personal ressentiment toward Christianity or an example of his anti-moral characteristics that deny all morality, but is part of his moral practice through the restoration of natural morality. For this purpose, this paper focuses on three points. First, we critically review the existing discussions on Nietzsche's critique of Christianity. Existing discussions contain the intention to defend Christianity from Nietzsche's critique despite important differences, and generally take issue with Nietzsche's psychology-oriented naturalist approach that rejects transcendence. Second, we examine why Nietzsche criticized Christianity, focusing on Antichrist. Nietzsche criticized Christianity not just because it originated from a ressentiment, but because of the harm it actually did to life. Third, we identify Nietzsche's critique of Christianity as the result of his moral practice that removes harm to life. Nietzsche's critique of Christianity is related to his moral critique in pursuit of ‘self-overcoming of morality’ and is the result of thoroughly reflecting his own naturalistic moral philosophy. For Nietzsche, Christianity is the largest and most dangerous anti-nature that undermines the foundation of human life, so Nietzsche charges Christianity in the name of natural morality to eliminate harm to life.