온라인 학습 환경에서 문제해결 단계별 스캐폴딩 유형의 효과 분석
The Effects of Scaffolding Types on the Problem-Solving Phases in an online learning environment
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초록
본 연구에서는 온라인 학습 환경에서 학습자의 문제해결력을 향상시키기 위하여 스캐폴딩 유형이 문제해결 단계별로 어떤 효과를 나타내는지 검증하는 데 그 목적을 두고 있다. 연구문제를 해결하기 위해 수도권 3개 대학 학생 중에서 교직과정을 이수하는 남녀 학생 124명을 대상으로 15일 동안 웹기반 문제해결학습환경에서 학습자들이 문제를 해결하는 동안 세 집단에 설명제공형 스캐폴딩, 단서제공형 스캐폴딩, 참여유도형 스캐폴딩을 제공하고, 문제해결 단계에 미치는 효과를 살펴보았다. 연구를 위해 수집된 자료들은 일원변량분석 방법에 의해 분석되었고, 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같이 요약될 수 있다. 첫째, 문제이해 단계에서 세 가지 스캐폴딩 유형 중 설명제공형 스캐폴딩이 가장 효과적인 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 해결안구안 단계에서 세 가지 스캐폴딩을 제공받은 각 집단 간에는 통계적으로 유의미한 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 셋째, 해결안실행 단계에서 세 가지 스캐폴딩 유형 중 단서제공형 스캐폴딩이 가장 효과적인 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, 검토 단계에서 세 가지 스캐폴딩을 제공받은 각 집단 간에는 통계적으로 유의미한 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 본 연구 결과를 기반으로 문제해결 단계에 따른 향후 스캐폴딩 제공 전략 등의 시사점을 제시하였다.
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to investigate effects of the three scaffolding types, such as ‘providing an explanation scaffolding’, ‘providing a cue scaffolding’, and ‘inviting student participation’ in the problem-solving phases in an online learning environment which requires the learner to actively participate in the process of solving given problems. The research questions of this study were addressed that are meaningful differences in the four phases of problem-solving which are ‘problem comprehension’, ‘developing solution’,applying solution’, and ‘reviewing’ phase among the three different scaffolding types. To answer these questions, this study performed an experiment on the 124 students who were taking a teacher training course out of three universities in the seoul metropolitan area. Instruments and environments used to find effects of the treatment were the problem solving process test, an ill-structured problem, the three scaffolding types, an online learning program, and the evaluating tool of the problem solving process. One-way ANOVA was conducted to analyze the data. The result of this study were summarized as follows:(1) ‘Providing an explanation scaffolding’ type applied in this study was found statistically meaningful positive effects onproblem comprehension’ phase. (2) There was no significant differences in thedeveloping solution’ phase, among three different groups that they were provided the three different scaffolding type. (3) ‘Providing a cue scaffolding’ type applied in this study was found statistically meaningful positive effects onapplying solution’ phase. (4) There was no significant differences in the ‘reviewing’ phase, among three different groups that they were provided the three different scaffolding type.
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