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이러닝 환경에서 학습정서가 학습동기에 미치는 영향

The Effects of Academic Emotions on Motivation in e-Learning

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초록

본 연구는 이러닝 환경에서 학습자가 경험하는 다양한 유형의 학습정서가 학습자의 학습동기에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 확인하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 이를 통해 학습동기 측면에서 이러닝 학습자의 정서적 변인이 갖는 의미와 중요성을 알아보고, 교수설계 측면에서 이를 고려한 시사점을 도출하고자 한다. 이를 위해 중ㆍ고등학생을 대상으로 교과 관련 온라인 강좌를 운영하고 있는 S 사이트의 유료회원 중 ‘중학교 2학년 1학기 수학 내신강좌’를 수강하고 있는 남ㆍ여 회원 84명을 대상으로 자기보고식 측정도구를 활용하여 이러닝 수업 중 경험한 학습정서의 정도와 수업 후 학습동기 수준을 측정하여 상관분석 및 단계적 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 연구결과, 학습정서와 학습동기 하위 변인 간의 일부 유의미한 상관관계가 발견되었으며, 학습환경불안감과 화ㆍ절망감은 내적가치(R2 = 81%, p < .01)를, 학습환경불안감과 화ㆍ절망감, 자부심은 외적가치(R2 = 72%, p < .01)를, 그리고 학습환경불안감과 지루함이 과제인식 수준(R2 = 52%, p < .01)을 유의미하게 예측하였다.결론적으로 이러닝 수업 중에 학습자가 경험하는 학습환경에 대한 불안감은 학습자의 내적․외적 동기 수준과 과제인식 수준을 유의미하게 예측하며, 화․절망감이 내적동기와 외적동기에 부정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로, 그리고 지루함이 이러닝 학습자의 과제인식 수준에 부정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구결과를 바탕으로 학습정서와 동기 측면에서 이러닝 강좌 개선을 위한 설계전략과 시사점을 제시하였다.

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of students‘ experienced academic emotions (enjoyment, pride, anxiety, frustration, boredom, and learning environment anxiety from Pekrun et al., 2002) on motivation(intrinsic/extrinsic goal orientation, task value from Pintrich et al., 1991) in e-Learning. In terms of motivation, this study identifies meanings and importance of students’ academic emotions in e-Learning and draws implications for instructional design. With middle school students who enrolled an online mathematics course, the researcher measured academic emotions that study participants experienced during the online lectures and then measured motivational factors after online lecture by using self-reported instruments. Correlation and regression have been conducted for analysis of these data. The result indicates that correlations exist among several academic emotions and motivational factors. Furthermore, learning environment anxiety and frustration predict intrinsic goal orientation (R2 = 81%, p < .01). Learning environment anxiety, frustration and pride predict extrinsic goal orientation (R2 = 72%, p < .01) and learning environment anxiety and boredom predict task value (R2 = 52%, p < .01). These results come from environmental properties and subjective characteristics that the online course has. Similar to advanced research, furthermore, frustration and boredom negatively affected on student’s motivation and pride positively influenced on their motivation. Implications of the design for e-Learning contexts are discussed and future research issues are suggested as well.

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