ITO 전극 위에 고정된 니켈 나노 입자를 이용한 무효소 혈당센서에 관한 전기화학적인 연구
The Electrochemical Studies of Non-enzymatic Glucose Sensor on the Nickel Nanoparticle-deposited ITO Electrode
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초록
무효소 혈당센서는 높은 선택성과 민감성을 가지고 저비용으로 체내 혈당(glucose)을 검출할 수차세대 기술이다. 현재 시판되고 있는 혈당센서는 당을 산화시켜주는 당산화효소와 전극과 효소사이에 전자 전달을 원활하게 해주는 산화/환원 매개체를 이용하여 효소센서로 제작된다. 그러나이러한 효소센서는 pH, 온도, 습도, 화학적 독성물질 등에 영향을 많이 받아 안정성이 떨어지고,제작에 비용이 많이 드는 단점을 가지고 있다. 본 논문은 위와 같은 단점을 해결하고자 환원제인 당에 의하여 환원되는 니켈 나노입자를 전기화학적 흡착방법을 이용하여 산화 인듐 주석 전극 (ITO)에 고정시켰다. 고정된 니켈 나노입자는 전극의 표면적을 넓혀 신호를 증폭시키는 효과를 가지고 있으며, 당에 의하여 계속적으로 니켈이 환원됨에 따라 전극 반응에서는 촉매산화전류반응으로 나타낸다. 당의 농도에 따라서 선형적으로 감응 할 수 있는 최적 조건의 니켈 나노입자를 이용하여 혈당센서를 제작하였다. 또한 체내에 존재하는 방해 인자인 아스코브산의 간섭을 억제하기 위해 음이온 고분자의 표면처리를 통하여 상대적으로 당에 선택적으로 감응하도록하였다. 제작된 전극을 통하여 당 농도 별 산화 촉매 전류를 순환 전압 전류 법으로 측정한 결과 650 mV (vs. Ag/AgCl)에서 최대 전기적 신호가 발생되었으며, 포도당 0~6.15 mM 의 농도범위에서 전기적 신호가 선형 증가함을 확인할 수 있었다.
Abstract
A highly sensitive and selective non-enzymatic glucose sensor has gained greatattention because of simple signal transformation, low-cost, easily handling, and confirming theblood glucose as the representative technology. Until now, glucose sensor has been developedby the immobilization of glucose oxidase (GOx) on the surface of electrodes. Howeveralthough GOx is quite stable compared with other enzymes, the enzyme-based biosensors arestill impacted by various environment factors such as temperature, pH value, humidity, and toxic chemicals. Non-enzymatic sensor for direct detecting glucose is an attractive alternativedevice to overcome the above drawbacks of enzymatic sensor. Many efforts have been triedfor the development of non-enzymatic sensors using various transition metals (Pt, Au, Cu, Ni,etc.), metal alloys (Pt-Pb, Pt-Au, Ni-Pd, etc.), metal oxides, carbon nanotubes and graphene. In this paper, we show that Ni-based nano-particles (NiNPs) exhibit remarkably catalyzingcapability for glucose originating from the redox couple of Ni(OH)2/NiOOH on the surface ofITO electrode in alkaline medium. But, these non-enzymatic sensors are nonselective towardoxidizable species such as ascorbic acid the physiological fluid. So, the anionic polymer wascoated on NiNPs electrode preventing the interferences. The oxidation of glucose was highlycatalyzed by NiNPs. The catalytically anodic currents were linearly increased in proportion tothe glucose concentration over the 0~6.15 mM range at 650 mV versus Ag/AgCl.
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