북한 이탈주민의 사회적 배제가 사회성에 미치는 영향요인 연구

Abstract

There is currently a lot of controversy over multiculturalism in Korean. North Korean defectors are centered in the debates. This study aims firstly to empirically measure and analyze the feasible realities of social problems that North Korean defectors might encounter. Secondly, it intends to scientifically measure the causal relations between the feasibility and the reality. Finally, it provides possibilities and implications of the empirical research that can compare North Korean defectors with other social strata by developing a research model. A survey was conducted targeting North Korean defectors over the age of twenty who escaped between 1996 and December 2009. These defectors settled in large urban areas in South Korea including Seoul. A total of 215 defectors responded to this survey. The independent variables of this study are economic exclusion, space exclusion, and social relations exclusion based upon social exclusion typology. The dependent variables are social adaptability and life satisfaction of North Korean defectors. The mediating variables are sex, age,and other personalistic features. The results of the hypothesis testing are that economic exclusion has a significant impact on the social adaptability and life satisfaction of refugees. Space exclusion has a significant influence on their social adaptability and life satisfaction. Space exclusion and social relation exclusion have a significant influence on social adaptability. The implications of this study indicate that North Korean defectors might face a lack of sociality in the stage of adaptation and settlement.