인성물성동이논변의 교육학적 한 해석

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to interpret 'the debate on the similarity and difference between Human and Thing's Nature'(人性物性同異論辯) from the Educational viewpoint, and to reveal an implication of the debate in relation to Bukhak-Thought(北學思想). First of all, Yi Gan(李柬, h. 巍巖) insisted that the nature of human beings and that of thing is the same when Original Nature(本然之性) and Physical Nature(氣質之性) is regarded as two distinct entities. According to Han Won-Jin(韓元震, h. 南塘), the two nature should be regarded as one entity, so he argued that things have the Five Constant Virtues(五常) as much as human beings in relation to Physical Nature. Yi and Han's views reveal that the core of this debate is the problem of nature of mind and the world. According to this study, the above Yi's view of the similarity and Han's view of the difference bring forth the twofold structure of mind and the world, namely, metaphysical and empirical, which are necessary to explain educational activities. In the light of common interpretation, Bukhak-Thought as the socio-political philosophy arouse in the later part of Chosun is based on the theory of the similarity, whereas the theory of Hwa-Iee(華夷論) the theory of the difference. But the theories of the similarity and difference in Bukhak-Thought and those in the original debate is not the same thing. According to Bukhak-Thought, our mind and the world is only regarded as the empirical, so it tries to exclude the metaphysical aspect of mind and the world. Therefore Bukhak-Thought is not based on the theory of the similarity, but based on the negation of the traditional confucianism of Chosun. In conclusion, it can be said that Bukhak-Thought tends to attenuate the metaphysical aspect of education which is regarded as educational criterion in traditional confucianism, whereas regards individual interests and motives as the criterion of education.